13 
[n this, larvae occur abundantly during winter. Bark thrown up 
n slight warts and finally turns black. Ravages confined to 
cambium region, which may be completely destroyed. Says all 
:he cases under his observation have shown the borers to be 
icting upon diseased trees. Quotes communication from Dr. 
tiley as follows: “So far as known, this borer and other species 
)f Scolytidae usually attack only those trees which have suffered 
rom frost or disease, i. e., they oviposit only in such trees; but, 
or feeding purposes, they also attack healthy trees. While this 
)eetle is now known from Virginia to New York, it is believed 
;o be a recent importation from Europe, since its earliest notice 
n this country was in 1877. The most effective mode of deal- 
ng with it is to destroy the tree before spring opens.” 
1884. 
Iagen, H. A.— Scolytus rugulosus in Branches of Pear-trees 
which were killed by Pear-Blight. (Can. Ent., 1884, v. 16, 
pp. 161—163; brief abstract in Fruit Growers’ Journal, 
May 21, 1885.) 
During 1883—84 large branches of young pear-trees in Cam¬ 
bridge, Mass., were killed by pear-blight; the next year greater 
njury; finally the whole tree succumbed. All trees had been in 
i healthy state. The branches were densely inhabited by tScolytus 
'ugulosus, as proved by comparison of the beetle with specimens 
rom Germany. Mentions articles of Le Conte and Riley, ab¬ 
stracted above, and gives a partial summary of American and 
European literature. 
Insect attacks, in great numbers, branches and often young 
swigs of living trees belonging to the genera Pyrus and Prunus so 
hat the infested part of the tree must perish. It multiplies 
•apidly, and a second brood is supposed to occur. A few females 
aid so many eggs that the larvae from them destroyed the bark 
)f a stem nearly a foot long. They cannot easily be eradicated 
>r even diminished in numbers except by burning the trees at- 
acked. 
From his own observation thinks pear-blight is connected with 
his beetle. Twigs were attacked about two feet from their ori¬ 
gin. The next year, if dead branches are not removed, the 
beetles go further down. The “cradle” is perpendicular gener- 
illy and about an inch long. The galleries may reach a length 
bf four inches, deeply injuring the sap wood. The hole for the 
)upa extends 4 mm. into the wood. Has observed beetles in 
bear-trees only, but has specimens from Europe found in plum. 
Jarman, J. C.—Injury to Fruit Trees by a New Insect. (Georgia 
Crop Reports, Aug., 1884, p. 16; Publications Dept. Agric. 
Georgia, 1884, v. 10, p. 176.) 
Le Conte pear-trees apparently blighting, but really infested by 
Scolytus rugulosus, as determined by Riley. Infests pear, apple, 
beach, and plum, puncturing the bark and depositing its eggs. 
