16 
larger than pin-pricks. Thickest on old leaf scars, but about 
equally distributed elsewhere. Injuries to bark and wood de¬ 
scribed. Notes on life history. Observations in this country 
make it seem probable that there are two broods. Breeding-cage 
observations go to show that the beetle often re-enters the 
branch from which it has just emerged, though this may be 
thoroughly dead and dry. General distribution of attack over 
entire tree makes it probably impossible to save a tree once in¬ 
fested by it. Advises cutting up such trees in winter and burn¬ 
ing to destroy the contained insects. 
French, G. H.—The Fruit Bark Beetle; Scolytus rugulosus, 
Ratz. (Fruit-Growers’ Journal, Sept. 1, 1890.) 
Reports receipt of plum bark August 21, from Anna, Illinois, 
containing insects of the above species. Accompanying letter 
states that writer first saw the insect in wild goose plum-trees 
in 1889, these trees being affected even to the smaller limbs, 
no larger than a lead pencil. “At present the two trees are cov¬ 
ered with small bugs, such as I send to you to-day. They bore 
their way into the bark, and about the time they get down level 
with the bark they copulate.” 
French quotes at length from article of Forbes in Transac¬ 
tions of Illinois Horticultural Society for 1889. 
Pickles, T.—The Fruit Bark Beetle. (Fruit-Growers’ Journal, 
Sept. 15, 1890.) 
Reports additional injuries to peach and plum by bark beetle 
at Anna, Illinois. Beetles do not readily leave trees in which 
they have bred, and consequently do not spread rapidly although 
they fly well. Has counted twenty-three burrows to the square 
inch in plum-tree. Advises cutting down and burning every in¬ 
fested tree in winter. 
1891.* 
Osborn, Herbert.— The Fruit Bark Beetle. (Orange Judd 
Farmer, Jan. 10, 1891, p. 20.) 
Reports receipt of specimens of injured plum from Girard. 
Macoupin county, Illinois, showing work of fruit bark beetle 
Quotes article of Forbes from Transactions of the Illinois 
State Horticultural Society. (See above.) 
Goodrich, Theodore. —Fruit Bark Beetle. Heavy losses ir 
Southern Illinois. (Prairie Farmer, Jan. 10, 1891, p. 28: 
Orange Judd Farmer, Jan. 10, 1891, p. 20.) 
Letter reporting action on this pest by the Illinois State 
Horticultural Society, and giving the following account of its 
injuries: “On my return from the meeting, an examination ol 
my own trees showed many of them in all stages of injury. One 
young peach-tree, two years planted, alive and vigorous Iasi 
* Delay in publication enables me to add the following recent titles. 
