35 
3) Grubs obtained from plowed corn-ground April 27, 1880, 
Urbana, Ill., and kept in a breeding cage, were finally examined 
Dtember IT, by which time they had transformed to beetles 
11 living in the earth in their pupal cells. These were identified 
L. in vers a. 
4) Grubs collected from the earth in a corn field at Cham- 
ign May 1, 1886, kept in the earth in a breeding cage and 
pilarly supplied with food, had begun to pupate June 28, 
d had transformed in the earth to the imago of L. in versa 
September 17. 
5) Specimens collected in June, 1886, from the University 
vn at Champaign, where they had done immense damage to 
3 turf, had pupated in part by July 28, but were not carried 
rough. The larvae are indistinguishable from those bred to 
versa. 
6) Larvae were collected at Champaign, from the fields, at in- 
•vals from April 2 to 22, 1890, and placed in a large breed- 
r cage with earth and food. A trench was dug to a depth of 
feet, inclosed by boards set to that depth in the earth and 
ojecting 5 inches above it, and divided by board partitions 
jO six compartments—all the joints being made quite insect- 
lit. The earth at the bottom of this trench was pounded 
ry hard, and the whole refilled. A lot of larvae from the 
ove collections was put into one of these compartments April 
, the top of the inclosure being then covered with cheese 
>th, and April 29 one more grub was added. July 24 one pupa 
d several larvae were found in the cage; September 5 adults 
inversa, rugosa, and hirticula , and a single pupa were taken 
>m the earth in it ; and finally, September 26, when the com- 
rtment was cleaned out, three more examples of adult hirticula 
re found. 
'7) Another selected lot of the same grubs was placed April 
in another compartment of this trench, and to these a 
tgle larva from a corn field was added May 7. Nothing was 
m of this lot until September 7, when two adults of L. gibhosa 
re found 8 inches below the surface, beneath the pounded 
rth bottom of the cage. 
!8) April 28, 1890, a large lot of grubs was collected from a 
Id of growing corn 3 miles west of Champaign, 2 or 3 acres 
which had been completely destroyed. The next day ninety- 
ree of these grubs were put into the trench cage. This lot of 
rvae was examined May 31, June 23 (at which time five were 
parated for more frequent observation), and July 1 and 2, 
e larvae all continuing active until the latter date, at which 
ne one was shortened in its earthen cell. This larva was 
parately watched, and found dead, as a pupa, July 18. July 
• and 18 no pupae had appeared in either of the other lots, 
it July 24 two of the five, separated as above, had pupated, 
o others had formed their cells and shortened up, and one 
is dead. August 5 these were all dead without further change. 
