G3 
generally speaking, simply to use the method of nature to 
laintain the fly in uncliminished numbers. From the stubble 
he midsummer imagos will escape, and in the volunteer wheat 
iter generations will breed undisturbed. 
If the fly in the stubble and the straw could ever be com- 
letely destroyed, there is little probability that any other rem- 
dy for its ravages would be needed; but as this must remain 
£ least fora long time essentially impossible, there will always 
ie danger that the volunteer wheat of August and early Sep- 
ember may favor its increase by affording opportunity for 
he breeding of those flies which first escape from their pupa 
ases after the midsummer interval. In the absence of such 
olunteer grain these flies would perish leaving no young be- 
iind them; with it, if it is allowed to grow, they will give 
•rigin to a generation which may easily attack in overwhelming 
lumbers the wheat of the regular crop which is to follow, 
lence this self-sown wheat should be carefully watched and 
hould be treated in one of two ways. It should be either so 
ompletely killed when it is two or three inches high (if in Au¬ 
gust or September) that the eggs or young of the fly which it 
nay contain shall be unable to mature upon it, or, if allowed 
o grow, it should be plowed under between the first and middle 
if the latter month so thoroughly and so deeply, flaxseeds and 
,11, and rolled so closely, that the winged insects of this brood can- 
lot get out of the earth. If the field be then sown to wheat, 
are must be taken that the stools of infested wheat are not 
I ragged out or otherwise exposed by harrowing, as then the 
laxseeds they contain will yield the fly as readily as if they had 
lever been disturbed at all. 
The better-known preventive and remedial measures of late 
lowing, pasturing with sheep, selection of resistant varieties, and 
be like, are not directly affected by the observations here re- 
>orted, and need not enter into this discussion. 
* 
