21 
Among those not in sympathy with his studies, Mr. Walsh was regarcl- 
d by some as little better than a madman, by others as a misanthropic 
ecluse; and he was not unfreqnently the object of ridicule and mischief. 
We infer from statements made by his intimate friends that his reli- 
ious views had come to differ materially from those usually entertained, 
ut that he ever questioned the existence or providence of God, we have 
o reason to believe. 
Questions Answered. Eggs in Twigs , Bark Lice , etc. (Prairie Farmer, Vpr. 
27, 1872, v. 43, p. ^-.) 
Insect eggs in apple and maple twigs and grape vine described, and the 
ranner in which they are placed noted. 
The Oyster-Shell Bark Louse.—Eggs are concealed under scales through 
miter. They all hatch within a period of three or four days about the 
aiddle of May to the first of June, when strong soap-suds should be ap- 
ilied with brush and syringe. 
Borers in osage orange, killing many plants. Syringing the plants with 
/hale-oil soap in June is the best remedy we can suggest. 
introduction. (2d Ann. Be]). State Ent. Ill. [third of the series], pp. 97. 98: 
Prairie Farmer, -, 1872, v. 43, p. -.) 
Letter to the Governor giving details of office work and reporting loss 
f the Walsh collection in the Chicago fire. 
Insects Injurious to the Apple. (2d Ann. Bep. State Ent. Ill. [third of 
the series], pp. 99-133.) 
The Cankerworm (pp. 99-116). Abstract in Prairie Farmer, March 2. 
872, v. —, p. —).—This insect is a native American species and was known 
n Massachusetts in 1789. Distribution given. Adult described. Eggs, 
rhich are placed on various trees, hatch in April or May. Caterpillars 
eed on the foliage, often denuding whole orchards. They attain full 
rowth in about one month, and descend two to six inches into the ground 
o pupate and pass the winter, mostly emerging in the first mild weather 
f early spring and ascending the trees to lay eggs. Becord of observa- 
ions in 1871 given, yielding the following facts: Moths are crepuscular 
n habit. Not disturbed by cold rains or snows. Eggs are placed on lin¬ 
er side of rough scales of bark and in crumpled leaves and cones of the 
J hycita nebulo , all over the tree, except near the ground and on the smooth 
•ranches and twigs. Some stragglers continue to ascend as late as the 
rst week in April. Manner of feeding, mode of migrating, and diurnal 
iabits of larva noted. Experiments with boards, kerosene, and coal tar 
iven. Summary of remedies: Preventing wingless females from climbing- 
he tree by means of rope and tin, or tar bands; destroying eggs below 
•ands with kerosene: scraping off and burning loose bark of trunk and 
arger limbs where no bands are used, in which way many eggs may be 
estroyed; jarring the tree and sweeping away the worms with a pole, as 
hey hang by threads, and burning them: syringing foliage with Paris- 
reen water and whale-oil soap to kill larvae; mixing corn with earth at 
>ase of trees and letting hogs root up the ground for it. to kill pupa?. 
The Apple and Walnut Leaf Crumplers, Phycita nebulo and juglcindis (pp. 
17-124).—These insects may prove to be phytophagic varieties of one 
pecies. Author's account of P. nebulo published in 1853 reprinted. [See 
p. 5) “Observations upon two Species of Insects Injurious to Fruit-trees, 
’rairie Farmer.] Subsequently described and named by Walsh. P. ju- 
iandis, n. sp., feeds on walnut and hickory. Comparison of characters 
nd habits of the two species. Bemedies: Can be checked by throwing 
ime, soap-suds, or Paris-green water on the leaves on which they are 
eeding. Hand picking is better. Natural enemies very efficient. Tachina 
lies, Ichneumonkhe, and Chalcidida? are parasitic on them. Winter birds 
eed on them. P. juglandis described as follows: 
“Length, three tenths of an inch. Expanse of wings, seven tenths, cine- 
eous. Top of the head, collar, and teguhe, in some specimens, almost 
