33 
Twig Primers.— Elaphidion villosum. received from Dixon. Ill. Found at¬ 
tacking grape vines and apple-trees. The beetle lays its eggs, one at a 
time, in the axils of the leaf stalks, usually on small lateral twigs. The 
grub eats out nearly all the wood from the side twig and works down an 
inch or two into the larger branch, when it gnaws the branch across, leav¬ 
ing nothing but the bark. It is soon broken olf by the wind, and falls to 
the ground, where it lies all winter with the enclosed grub. The beetle 
emerges early in the following summer. The fallen twigs should be gath¬ 
ered and burned. 
Chinch Bugs.—[See 16th Rep. State Ent. Ill., Appendix, p. 42.] 
Grape Insects.—The Blue Caterpillars , and the Leaf and Boot Lice of the Vine. 
(Prairie Farmer, Sept. 13, 1873, v. 44, p. 290.) 
Vine Caterpillars.—Has received specimens of the larvae mentioned in the 
Prairie Farmer of Aug 2 [See (p. 32) “Destructive Vine Caterpillars”] as 
injuring grape vines in Iowa, and they prove to be Alypia octomacidata. Aug. 
20 but few could be found. It has never been known to be persistently 
and seriously injurious. Parasitic insects may keep it in check. 
The Grape Louse.—Leaves of the Clinton grape affected with Phylloxera 
galls recently received. In Europe it works mostly on the roots of the 
vines, rarely forming galls on the leaves; in this country they generally 
form galls on leaves but damage the roots of a few varieties of vines to a 
small extent. No very satisfactory treatment for it has been suggested. 
The roots of all vines should be examined before transplanting, and if they 
exhibit the little knots which these insects produce, discard them or trim 
bff damaged roots and immerse the remainder in hot soap-suds or tobacco 
water. Riley's suggestions as to exterminating Clinton vines quoted and 
commented on. 
Chinch Bugs. (Prairie Farmer, Oct. 18, 1873, v. 44, p. 331.) 
[See 16th Rep. State Ent. Ill., Appendix, p. 43.] 
1874. 
An Address upon Noxious Insects in general , and upon certain Species in par¬ 
ticular. (Trans. Ill. State Hort. Soc., 1873, N. Ser., v. 7, pp. 90-100.) 
The number of injurious species in this country is about five hundred. 
Of these about one hundred are seriously injurious. The latter divided 
into three classes, according to degree of injury. All the remainder may 
t>e placed as fourth class. The hundred species divided and enumerated 
iccording to classes of injury, to the orders which contain them, and to 
the kind and species of plants which they infest. “I admit into the first 
class of noxious insects only those species which are so destructive and so 
generally diffused that, if left to themselves, they would wholly, or at 
least in a great part, prevent the raising of those fruits or other crops 
ipon which they depredate. Of the one hundred selected species, only 
ibout ten would come into the first class, about forty into the second, 
md the remaining fifty into the third class.” 
“Of these one hundred species, twenty-seven are Coleoptera; thirty-five 
ire caterpillars; three belong to the Orthoptera; four to the Hemiptera; 
twelve to the Homdptera, including the leaf-hoppers, and the leaf and 
)ark lice; four to the Hymenoptera; and fifteen to the Diptera or two- 
vinged flies. 
“We; moreover, find that fifty-two, or a little more than half, are injuri¬ 
ous to fruits or fruit trees; twenty-six to vegetables: fourteen to grain; 
Ive are general feeders, and three are injurious to the domestic animals. 
“Of the fifty-two species injurious to fruits, there are injurious to the 
ipple, sixteen; to the pear, five; to the peach, two; to the plum, two; to 
^he quince, one; to the grape, seventeen; to the currant, four; to the 
blackberry, one; to the raspberry, one; and to the strawberry, three. 
