VEGETATION TYPES. 
1 73 
that of the high pine land, but at the other extreme it is a rich black 
calcareous loam, with as much as 42% of silt and clay by mechanical 
analysis, and over y% of lime by chemical analysis. (See chemical 
analyses 1, 4, and 5.) Salamanders are absent, except in clearings, 
but there are probably other subterranean animals which help main¬ 
tain the fertility of the soil. Fire is a negligible factor. The Soil 
is so fertile that it has probably never (at least in the lastTew thou¬ 
sand years) supported pine forests and' other inflammable vegeta¬ 
tion, and the aspect of the high hammocks probably has not changed 
much since pre-historic times, except for the interference of man. 
The vegetation looks something like that of the sandy hammocks, 
but the trees are taller and straighter, and there is less underbrush. 
On the richest spots the trees are nearly all deciduous, but the pro¬ 
portion of evergreens increases with the sandiness of the soil. The 
extremes are different enough to be classed as different types, if 
they were not connected by all possible gradations. 
The following list is based on observations made in February, 
March and July, but mostly in March. 
trees. 
Magnolia grandiflora, 7, 9 
Liquidambar Styraciflua, 6, 
7, 9-11 
Quercus laurifolia, 6, 7 
Quercus Michauxii, 11 
Persea Borbonia, 6, 7 
Ostrya Virginiana, 7 
Tifia pubescens? 7 
Hicoria glabra? 6, 7 
Quercus nigra, 6. 7, 9, 11 
Cornus florida, 6 
Fraxinus Americana? . 
Cercis Canadensis, 6 
Sabal Palmetto, 7, 9-11 
Pinus Taeda, 6, 10, 11 
Magnolia 
Sweet gum 
(An oak) 
White oak 
(Red bay) 
Lin (bass¬ 
wood) 
Hickory 
Water oak 
Dogwood 
Ash 
Redbud 
Cabbage pal¬ 
metto 
Short-leaf 
pine 
Carpinus Caroliniana, 
Ulmus alata, ll 
Quercus Y'rginiana, 7, 
Quercus Schneckii 
Celtis occidentalis? 9 
Acer Floridanum 
Prunus Caroliniana 
Acer Negundo, 11 
Morus rubra, 9, 11 
Quercus falcata, 5, 6 
Quercus Floridana? 
Ilex opaca, 6, 7, 9, 11 
Juniperus Virginiana 
9, 11 (Tronwood 
Elm 
9 Live oak 
(Red oak) 
Hackberry 
Sugar maple 
(Mock or¬ 
ange) 
(Box elder) 
Mulberry 
Red oak 
(An unidenti 
fled white 
oak) 
Holly 
Cedar 
SMALL TREES. 
Osmanthus Americana, 2, 3, 7, 9 
Batodendron arboreum, 2, 3, 
6, 7, 9 Sparkleberry 
Viburnum rufldulum, 7 Black haw 
Prunus umbellata? (Hog nlum) 
Crataegus aplifolia, 9, 11 (Parsley 
haw) 
Myrica cerifera, 1, 6, 7, 9-11 Myrtle 
