VEGETATION TYPES. 
177 
and cypress ponds, such as are common in some of the less calcare¬ 
ous parts of Florida, are rare here. 
The swamps are characterized by peaty soil, usually containing 
considerable calcium carbonate in the form of shells or otherwise, 
and water which does not fluctuate much. They seem to be under¬ 
laid by limestone or marl at no great depth, and they belong to the 
class of swamps with calcareous water, described in the Third An¬ 
nual Report (pages 239-240). They intergrade more or less with 
the low hammocks, which they resemble in aspect. Fire is almost 
impossible in these swamps, and nothing is known of any subterran¬ 
ean animal life. 
The plants of the swamps and marshes near Panasoffkee were 
enumerated in the 3d Annual Report, page 279. The following list 
includes all those and some observed along Silver Spring Run and 
Blue Spring Run in March. 
TREES. 
Taxodium distichum, 9, 11 
Cypress 
Liquidambar Styraciflua, 6- 
Acer rubrum, 9, il 
(Red) maple 
9, 11 
Sweet gum 
Fraxinus profunda? 9, 11 
Ash 
Ulmus Floridana, 9, 11 
Elm 
Fraxinus Caroliniana? 9, 11 
Ash 
Pinus Taeda, 6, 8, 11 
Short-leaf 
Salix longipes? 1, 9 
Willow 
pine 
Fraxinus sp. 
Ash 
Magnolia glauea, 4, 9, 11 
Bay 
Sabal Palmetto, 7-9, 11 
Cabbage pal¬ 
metto 
1 
WOODY 
VINES. 
Rhus radicans, 8, 9, 11 
Poison ivy 
Decumaria barbara, 9, 11 
Berchemia scandens, 1, 9, 11 
(Rattan vine) 
Ampelopsis arborea, 9, 11 
SHRUBS. 
Cephalanthus occidentalis, 1, 
Myrica cerifera, 1, 6-9, 11 
Myrtle 
9 
Elbow-bush 
Aster Carolinianus, 9 
Cornus stricta? 8, 9 
Viburnum obovatum, 8, 9, 11 
Itea Virginica 
Rosa Carolina, 9 
Wild rose 
Sambucus Canadensis 
Elder 
HERBS 
ril'andsia usneoidcs, 2 9, 11 
Spanish moss 
Erechthites hieracifolia 
Pistia spathulata 
Water-let¬ 
Saururus cernuus, 9, 11 
tuce 
Nymphaea maerophy'.la, 1 
Bonnets 
Piaropus crassipes 
Water-hya¬ 
Lemna sp., 1 
(Duckweed) 
cinth 
Osmunda vegalis 
(A fern) 
Cicuta Curtissii 
Hymenocallis sp. 
Spider-lily 
Hydrocotyle Bonariensis 
Scirpus valid us 
(Bulrush) 
Sagittaria lancifolia 
Dryopteris Thelvpteris 
(A fern) 
Ceratophyllum devnersum 
(Coon-tail 
Echinochloa Crus-Galli? 
(A grass) 
moss) 
Carex alata? 
(A sedge) 
Eupatorium serotinum 
Epidendrivin conopseum? 7- 
Rhynchospora cornieulata, 1 
(A sedge) 
9, 11 
(An orchid) 
Cladinm effusum, 1 
Saw-grass 
Carex stipata? 
(A sedge) 
Pontederia cordata, l 
Rumex sp. 
(Dock) 
Hydrocotyle verticillata 
Mikania scandens 
Carex comosa 
(A sedge) 
Sagittaria natans? 
Acnida australis 
Careless 
