23o FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
River Swamp. . A few small areas are found in the southeastern part 
of the area, in Sumter County, around the swamps of Panasoffkee 
Lake and Withlacoochee River. 
The high hammock areas have a hilly or irregular, ridgy topog¬ 
raphy, marked in part by steep slopes. The range above sea level is 
from 90 to* 180 feet. The ridges have been eroded to some extent, 
gullies or draws having been washed out. The drainage waters find 
their way in short, intermittent branches, which end at the bottom 
of the slope in sink-hole ponds or in areas of porous sands. The sur¬ 
face admits of ready run-off, but as the surface is a sand with under¬ 
lying impervious clay there is considerable seepage and these slopes 
are more or less wet and thus in part are not well drained. 
The low' hammock areas lie only slightly above the swamps, be¬ 
ing in part semiswampy, and in depressions actually swampy. They 
are sufficiently wet to favor the growth of cypress. After rainy 
spells water stands upon the surface for considerable periods or un¬ 
til it can evaporate. Drainage of these areas is necessary before they 
can be cultivated. 
The material of the Fellowship sandy loam is apparently mainly 
of residual origin. The rocks are believed to have consisted mainly 
of sandstone and argillaceous rocks, along with some limestone. 
Weathering has not been complete, as some rock fragments are 
found. In small spots are found quantities of sandy rock fragments 
varying from a grayish to brownish color, some of which are evi¬ 
dently ferruginous. There are also some outcrops on the surface, 
which, with the loose pieces, are sufficient to make the soil unfit for 
cultivation, but this condition occurs only over a few square rods. 
There occur in the low hammocks, also, rock outcrops and loose 
fragments of stone. 
The larger part of the Fellowship sandy loam is in forest. It 
supports both a hardwood and a pine growth. The low hammocks 
have in part a mixed growth, there being scattering longleaf pine 
and some shortleaf pine among the hardwoods. The hammock 
growth is heavy, the trees being large and the undergrowth in places 
very thick. Live oak and water oak are most common, with some 
white oak, red oaks, magnolia, holly, bay, hickory, ash, and gum. 
Conspicuous among the trees is the large cabbage palmetto 1 . In 
swampy depressions cypress is found. Som|e parts are covered by 
open pine woods, there being no undergrowth, except broom sedge 
or wire grass, the latter on the better drained parts. Often where 
