25O FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
bering have been important industries. Aside from these the agri¬ 
culture, while not developed over the whole area, consists in the pro¬ 
duction of general field crops, truck crops, and citrus fruits. Corn, 
oats, sweet potatoes, sugar cane, and velvet beans are the principal 
general crops, while cabbage, tomatoes, watermelons, cantaloupes, 
and cucumbers are the trucking crops. With the exception of the 
growing of cabbage, the trucking industry is of recent growth. The 
production of citrus fruits in the southern part of the area is being- 
revived to some extent. 
Exclusive of Swamp, 17 types of soil, included in six series, were 
separated and mapped. 
The Portsmouth and Leon soils, each having two types, a sand 
and a fine sand, are found in the low-lying flatwoods. The Ports¬ 
mouth types are characterized by black surface soils and drab sub¬ 
soils. They require drainage and are among the best trucking soils 
when reclaimed. The Leon soils form the palmetto flatwoods and 
consist of gray to white sand, with a brown hardpan layer beneath. 
Without irrigation they are very poor soils. 
The Norfolk sand and fine sand types are the rolling pine lands 
of the area. They are the gray and yellowish sands over 36 inches 
in depth. For the most part they are held in low esteem, but the 
better parts of these types make fair trucking soils, especially with 
overhead irrigation. They are loose and have excessive drainage. 
The hammock soils fall into three series—the Parkwood, Fellow¬ 
ship, and Gainesville. The Parkwood soils, consisting of the clay 
loam and the fine sandy loam, are found on low hammocks and have 
marl subsoils. They constitute the strongest soils of the area and 
grow cabbage-and tomatoes to perfection. They are also-highly 
esteemed for citrus-fruit production and the large groves in the 
area are on these soils. 
The Fellowship soils occur on both low and high hammocks, the 
former being in part semis'wampy. With drainage these are good 
soils. The high hammocks support a heavy pine, growth. They are 
adapted to a wide range of crops, but so far there is not much de¬ 
velopment on them. 
The Gainesville soils occur on the high hammocks and are large¬ 
ly of calcareous origin. They are all well-drained, productive soils. 
They produce all the general farm crops and also have a wide 
adaptation for truck crops. Trucking is being extensively developed 
on these soils, especially on the Gainesville loamy sand. 
