576 NATIONAL VETERINARY SCHOOLS IN FRANCE. 
nearly in a state of suspension during abstinence. The 
thick viscous saliva found in the mouth at such time, comes 
from the little buccal and palatine glands. 
10. The secretion, come from which of the glands it will, 
is excited by gustative impressions upon the buccal mem¬ 
brane ; and such impressions suffice, without mastication, 
to excite secretion both from the parotid and maxillary. 
11. Simply the motion of the jaws and the mastication of 
tasteless substances, make no sensible impression on the 
salivary secretion. 
12. The sight of food, even on hungry animals, fails to 
produce salivation. 
13 Stimulating substances, such as salt, pepper, cloves, 
vinegar, assafoetida, placed in contact with the buccal mem¬ 
brane, increases but very little the secretion usually attend¬ 
ant on abstinence. 
14. Irritating injections thrown into the secretory ducts 
do not sensibly augment the salivation. Neither does con¬ 
gestion in the glands, produced by ligature of the jugular, 
as has been asserted by Lower. No more does ligature 
of the carotid influence it, at least at the time. 
15. The secretions furnished by the various salivary glands 
are not identical. That of the parotid is extremely fluid and 
void of viscosity. That of the maxillary is thick and viscous, 
like a concentrated solution of gum; whereas, that of the 
sublingual, and of the various small glands in the mouth, is 
still more viscid. 
16. And yet, notwithstanding their varying properties, the 
divers salivary secretions are capable of supplying one 
another’s place, since mastication and deglutition continue 
notwithstanding the secretions of the parotid and maxillary 
be made to escape. 
NATIONAL VETERINARY SCHOOLS IN FRANCE. 
Admission of Pupils. 
Every application for admission into the Veterinary Schools 
must be addressed to the Minister of the Interior for Agri¬ 
culture and Commerce; and must be accompanied by the 
following certificates:— 
1. Baptismal certificate of the candidate. 
2. Certificate from the mayor of his place of residence and 
of his moral conduct. 
