116 TRANSLATIONS FROM CONTINENTAL JOURNALS. 
to be closed by a hard, solid eminence, and he drew the tes¬ 
ticle out, which was hard, about the size of a hen’s egg, and 
had a flattened cord doubled up. He then applied a ligature 
in two places, amputated the testicle, and closed the opening 
by the twisted suture, over which an adhesive plaister was 
put, the whole being supported by a proper bandage. Thirty- 
three days after the sutures came oft', and the cicatrix was 
perfect. The same practitioner performed a similar opera¬ 
tion on a colt three years old, with the same success ; and 
also on an ass, four years old. Without doubting the cor¬ 
rectness of these cases, the author does not comprehend why, 
the testicle being engaged in the inguinal ring, the operator 
should make his incision so as to lay bare the intestines, and 
be obliged to have them kept in their place by the aid of an 
assistant. The incision must have been made, not in the 
direction of the ring, but at the side of it. This plan is not 
the best, but has, however, succeeded three times. Brogniez 
has also tried the castration of the monorchidis, and accord¬ 
ing to a paper read by him at the u Societe de Medecine 
Veterinaire,” he says, “ lay the animal on his back, incise 
the skin and the dartos to the extent of from five to six 
centimetres, dilate the inguinal ring by means of a pair of 
pincers implanted in it, pushing forward the small oblique 
muscle •” and, without adding any other details, M. Brogniez 
declares that this manipulation suffices to bring the testicle 
spontaneously through the ring by its own specific gravity; 
that the operation is without danger, easy of cure, and with¬ 
out any fear of the intestines coming down. The process of 
M. Van Haelst is as follows:—Fix the horse in the same 
position as for the ordinary operation; make an incision 
large enough to introduce the hand. At the place where the 
testicle ought to be, divide the subjacent yellow tissue to 
the same extent; introduce the hand into the inguinal ring 
by keeping the fingers united, breaking down the cellular 
tissue which is in the way. Arrived at the inguinal canal, 
pass the finger between the parietes and the testicle, and 
after having by a circular movement isolated the testicle 
from its adhesion, draw it out by moderate traction, so as to 
be able to apply a ligature on the cord ; this done, close the 
opening by sutures, leaving the testicle inside, the end of the 
ligature being left long enough to hang out of the wound. 
The animal is now allowed to get up, and is to be placed 
in a stall, which is raised behind, so as to force the intestines 
toward the diaphragm, and thereby prevent hernia. At the 
end of four days, remove the sutures, and by that time the tes¬ 
ticles and the ligature will escape through the opening. The 
