487 
Translations and Reviews of Continental 
Veterinary Journals. 
By W. Ernes, M.R.C.V.S., London. 
Journal des Veterinaires clu Midi, Mai, 1861. 
ON EPIZOOTIC MANGE. 
By M. Vives, Veterinaire a Campagne (Landes). 
M. Vi yes says that long before the present era this disease 
has existed at different times, and that it has been described 
by Titus Livius four hundred and twenty-four years before 
Christ. It was also observed at the beginning of the French 
revolution amongst the cavalry horses. In 1815 it prevailed 
at the same time as the typhus fever, and we have now to 
add that of 1854. 
At the commencement of that year, mange was the common 
malady of the solipedes, although only a few pigs were 
affected with it, and there were some doubts whether it really 
was the mange in them, or some other skin disease, as they 
were mostly treated by empirics, and thus no opportunity 
was afforded of correctly judging. 
Causes .—This epizootic affection seems to have followed 
the course of the principal rivers; and having prevailed 
generally in low and marshy districts, it was naturally attri¬ 
buted to the scarcity and the bad quality of the provender. 
To this may be added excessive work, neglect, and want of 
cleanliness. In support of this view of its origin, the author 
remarks that it attacked principally the horses of the poor, 
while those of rich proprietors escaped. 
Symptoms .—The principal and most apparent of these is 
depilation on different parts of the body; a few days elapse 
before the animal is covered with vesicles, the skin becomes 
thickened and cracked, small tumours are perceived to exist, 
and when these are opened, a quantity of serum issues from 
them, and they are thus converted into ulcers of a reddish 
colour; the pruritus is excessive, and the mucous membranes 
are discoloured in these animals which are emaciated. 
Treatment .—This was very simple. Reflecting on the 
cause of the affection, the first act was to improve the diet, 
and to enforce cleanliness both of the stables and the 
