213 
Translations and Reviews of Continental 
Veterinary Journals. 
By W. Ernes, M.R.C.V.S., London. 
Annales de Medecine Veterinaire, Bruxelles. 
ON PARASITIC VEGETATION IN LIVING ANIMALS. 
By T. Gluge, M.R.A. of Belgium, and J. Dudekem, Corresponding 
Member of the same Academy. 
Many observations are recorded of fungi being developed 
in the respiratory organs of birds. M. Robin, in his work 
on these parasitical growths, has grouped them all in one 
article, under the title of c Champignons de la tribu des 
Aspergillees’ (p. 515, 2me edition). According to these ob¬ 
servations the fungi have always been found under the same 
condition, i.e ., that of being developed in the air-passages of 
the different species of birds. They do not, however, grow 
from the mucous membrane which lines these organs, but 
on a special deposit having somewhat the appearance of 
a pseudo-membrane. M. Robin considers this deposit as 
a peculiar morbid product, and in this he agrees with MM. 
Eudes de Longchamps, Montagne, &c. MM. Muller and 
Retsius, who had previously investigated this subject, are 
of opinion that the depositions are in themselves of a veget¬ 
able nature, and that the fungi developed on their surface 
is merely ,an additional parasitic growth. In the pre¬ 
sence of these conflicting opinions our authors state that 
they have been fortunate enough to be able to study for 
themselves some new cases, three in number, of which they 
give the following description. 
The first was in a royal eagle, and the two others in 
ostriches. Professor Thiernesse having obligingly sent to 
the authors a pathological specimen taken from an eagle, 
which had died at the Zoological Garden of Brussels, con¬ 
sisting of part of the lung, windpipe, and bronchial larynx, 
it was found that the lung was studded with small tumours, 
about the size of a grain of maize, of a light yellow colour, 
and easily compressible under the fingers. On the edges of 
the lung these tumours were more numerous than in the 
centre; and on the mucous membrane of the bronchial larynx 
were layers of a pseudo-membrane of different thicknesses; 
xxxii. 29 
