438 
TYPHUS FEVER IN THE HORSE. 
appendages were mostly affected; the other organs and 
tissues of’ the body being only functionally or sympathetically 
deranged. But in the following cases there were no leading 
symptoms, or the indication of any particular organ of the 
body being more the seat of disease than another. 
I availed myself of the assistance of a brother-practitioner 
in the city, Mr. W. Smith, M.R.C.V.S., to whom I am in¬ 
debted for many valuable hints, and on whose practical 
knowledge and great experience I have much relied in the 
treatment of these cases, and who, during my absence on 
leave, attended in the early stages of the first case, and 
pointed out to me on my return the strongly marked symp¬ 
toms of typhus fever which it presented, and I must confess 
that I never saw or read of a similar case. 
Case 1 . —A bay mare, five years old, in very good con¬ 
dition, had joined the 114 Battery” in May, 1858, and had 
never been on the sick-report. She became unwell February 
25th, 1859, and exhibited the following symptoms: pulse 65, 
mouth dry and hot, tongue furred, mucous membranes in¬ 
jected, total loss of appetite, breath and excretions from skin 
and bowels very fetid, faeces hard and of a dark colour. 
Treatment .—A mild stimulant was applied over the chest, 
as the breathing was slightly disturbed, being 12 per minute. 
She was placed in a cool loose box, and had administered to 
her every eight hours, Pulv. Digitalis, Nit. Pot., et Aloes, in 
small doses. The thirst was intense. 
March 1st.—Diarrhoea commenced, which was checked by 
means of opium, given in half-drachm doses; afterwards the 
treatment consisted of Amm. Sesquicarb. cum Pulv. Gen- 
tianae, exhibited morning and evening, and plenty of gruel 
was horned down. 
There was a total loss of appetite, but an avidity evinced 
for water. Pulse 75; breathing normal; mucous mem¬ 
branes of a dark-red colour; breath very fetid; the tongue 
covered with black matter ; great prostration of the vital 
powers, and bowels irregular, the faeces being very fetid and 
scanty. 
11th.—I now first saw the case. The pulse was 65; 
breathing quite normal; occasional grating of the teeth 
present; breath extremely fetid, and the tongue still covered 
with black matter; mucous membranes were injected; general 
prostration ; the bowels inactive, which were relieved only 
by means of clysters. I continued the use of the ammonia, 
morning and evening, giving it in beer, and in combination 
with vegetable tonics. I also gave gruel, as the mare 
