7 IS 
REVIEW. 
made through the wall behind the horses. These openings must he cut 
within a few inches of the ground, and protected by grates fixed on the 
outside, as directed above. Each opening must terminate in a square 
tube placed within the stable. Each tube must be five feet high, having 
an upright position, and secured to the wall by means of holdfasts. 
They should be five or six inches square, having three sides of wood, 
the fourth being formed by the w’all against which they are fixed. On 
the top of every tube, fix a thick plate of zinc, well perforated with small 
holes. Should these tubes admit more air into the stable than requi¬ 
site, slides of wood may be inserted in place of the perforated plates, 
and the air currents checked either wholly or in part. The above is a 
very excellent plan to ventilate a stable; but stablemen require watching, 
or many of them, unless prevented, will keep the tubes permanently closed. 
They want a close stable, and they cannot be prevailed upon to adopt 
any other method.” 
In intimate relation with the above, and possibly one of 
the greatest causes of its necessity, is the Drainage of 
the Stable. In reference to which our author states— 
“ A stable to be free from bad smells arising from the decomposition 
of urine, and other offensive matters, must not only be thoroughly venti¬ 
lated, but thoroughly drained also, and the drainage conducted to some 
distance from the premises. I have elsewhere described the position of 
the various surface channels, for conducting the urine into the under¬ 
ground drain. Below the main surface channel, and in a line parallel 
with it, place the . underground drain. Joint and socket pipes are the 
best for small drains. Care must be taken in putting down the pipes, 
to ascertain that they are evenly placed, that the joints are well cemented, 
and that a sufficient fall be given to allow the urine to run freely away. 
Wherever the urine passes into the underground drain, let it do so by 
means of a trap. Traps of the proper kind can be procured from those 
who supply the joint and socket pipes. Traps have a twofold use; 
they prevent any back stench which may arise, and they prevent rats 
from attempting to enter the stable through the urine grates, or where 
the traps may be fixed. All the openings leading from the surface 
channels into the underground drain should be covered with suitable 
grates. 
“ The underground drain should terminate in a tank, if it be desirable 
to preserve the urine for manure. The loss of manurearising from the 
want of tanks is incredible. Possibly a time may come when people 
will look to these matters somewhat differently.” 
There is much under the head of the ec Hygienic treatment 
of the sick horse ^ that we concur with. 
“ One of the most important matters in the treatment of animals when 
diseased, especially during the period of convalescence or recovery, is 
their hygienic or dietetic management. It is a species of knowledge in¬ 
dispensable to veterinary surgeons; and yet from the false views which 
are generally entertained not only by the medical profession at large, 
but also by the majority of all classes with regard to the power of the 
vital force to rectify the organism when diseased, hygienic treatment in 
relation to the state in question, has not received a tithe of that attention 
which it merits. So long indeed, as it continues an article of belief 
