TRANSLATIONS FROM CONTINENTAL JOURNALS. 117 
time^ and to replace tlie outer covering so injndicionslyremovcd 
by the rasp with an ointment^ so as to prevent and oppose the 
evaporation of moisture. Grease is generally employed as an 
impermeable substance, but it is a bad agent; besides, it does 
not soften the dry crust, and, by penetrating into the nail-holes, 
compromises the security of the shoes, and when rancid it acts 
as an irritant to the coronary ligament. Alkaline substances^ 
such as soda, potash, and ammonia, possess the property of 
softening the hoof and of disuniting its elements. The know¬ 
ledge of this fact shows at once the mistake of allowing horses 
to stand in wet or dung impregnated Avitli the ammonia of 
the urine, or in a straw-yard covered with a thick layer of 
manure. The moisture thus imbibed is loaded with ammonia, 
or the elements which constitute it, and which by their alka¬ 
line properties soften the horn, dissolve also that of the sole 
and frog, and cause ulceration. The new' horn is dissolved 
almost as soon as formed, and the irritating fluid, acting on 
the denuded parts, causes ultimately a sort of fungus growth. 
It results from these facts that cow- or horse-dung ought not 
to be used for stopping of the feet, &c. In preference, when 
there is an indication for restoring the lost moisture to the 
horn of the feet, clay, linseed poultice, or clean water, should 
be used. In conclusion, to preserve the horse^s feet in as 
healthy a state as possible, it is necessary—1st. To have good 
shoeing. 2nd. To avoid the paring and rasping of the feet, as 
is done by the English shoeing-smith. 3rd. To keep the feet 
and legs clean. 4th. To abstain from trimming the legs in 
winter. 5th. To wash the feet every day Avith clean w^ater. 
Ctli. To allow the horse moderate Avork or exercise. And 7th. 
AYhen the outer covering has been accidentally destroyed, to 
replace it by some impermeable agent. 
CONJUNCTIVAL HERNIA OF THE IRIS. 
By Dr. Van Holsbeek, Bruxdics. 
I RECEIVED a little dog from a friend in the month of 
May, which had received a puncture in the left eye. I 
examined the eye, which the animal was unable to open, on 
account of an intense photophobia, and ascertained that there 
Avas considerable shrinking of the globe of the eye, OAving to 
the escape of the aqueous humour. Conjunctivitis was very 
acute, and a great portion of the iris had escaped through 
a large puncture near the border of the ciliary ligament. 
Although I considered the eye lost, I undertook to treat the 
case. I made several instillations of the extract cf belladonna. 
