TRANSLATIONS FROM CONTINENTAL JOURNALS. 699 
on COWS which have just calved, and which have their teats 
swollen by the milk. It is in the spring also, at the time of the 
change from dry to green food, that this aifection is observed. 
Beyond these conditions, which provoke a congestion of the 
lacteal organs, the appearance of the vaccine is exceptional, 
and is, so to speak, exclusive to the milch cow. Male 
animals and heifers are very seldom affected. The statis¬ 
tics of M. Verbeyen leave no doubt on this point. Well! 
what sort of animals have been selected for the experiments ? 
They have generally been heifers or males of the bovine species, 
if not cows in calf or cows exhausted by old age, suc¬ 
cessive gestation, and lactation. These animals are, as every 
one may see, in the most unfavorable condition to contract 
the vaccine Iby inoculation from the matter of grease. To 
resolve completely this question of comparative pathology, it 
is I believe of the greatest importanee, for all future experi- 
mentors to take the matter for inoculation which is dis¬ 
charged at the dehut of the grease, and to select a fit subject 
of the bovine species for the experiment. For a long time a 
great number of medical and veterinary men have denied 
and still deny, that the vaccine of the cow originally came 
from the horse. The question seems to have advanced a step, 
and at the present time it is generally agreed that a malady 
of this animal does produce the vaccine. But what is this 
malady ? 
From the preceding considerations I believe that I have 
demonstrated that the eruptive, vesicular, or pustulous 
malady of the lower parts of horses^ legs, which is desig¬ 
nated by the name of grease, is one which is capable of trans¬ 
mitting the vaccine. This pathological point established, 
medical and veterinary practitioners have asked themselves the 
question whether this so-called first pei'iod of the grease did 
not constitute, in truth, a different malady, which should be 
named variola equina. Spiniola and Steinbeck, in Germany, 
Depaul and Bousquet in France, are of this opinion. They 
admit that the vaccine is the variola of the horse—a similar 
malady to the variola of man, the cow, and the sheep. I find, 
however, such a great difiPerence between these that the analogy 
established by M. Depaul does not seem to me to be well 
grounded. M. Huzard has told you that he has inoculated 
2000 sheep with vaccine matter without success. I have 
also inoculated without result. In the annals of science 
a considerable number of experiments are recorded, which 
prove that the vaccine has not been transmissible to sheep 
{see Annates de VAgriculture^ de 1800 h 1825). These 
inoculations, even when they have produced a slight eruption, 
