110 
ZYGiENIDZE. 
The larvae of this family are sixteen-footed, usually greenish, and 
are short and cylindrical, the body being obtuse at each end. 
According to Dr. Packard: “The head is very small, and when 
at rest is partially drawn into the prothoracic ring. The segments 
are short and convex, with transverse rows of unequal tubercles, 
which give rise to thin fascicles of very short and evenly-cut hairs, 
which are often nearly absent. They are either naked, as in 
Alypia, Eudryas and Castnia, or, as in the lower moth-like species, 
hairy, like those of the Lithosians and Arctians, in the next 
family. Before transforming, they usually spin a dense silken 
cocoon, though Eudryas and Castnia make none at all, and 
Ctnucha a slight one of hairs. The pupa of Zygaena, especially, is 
intermediate m form, between that of rEgeria and Arctia, being 
much stouter than the first, and somewhat less so than the last.” 
They pass the winter only in the pupa state. 
Alypia octomaculata, Fabr. 
This larva, when full grown, is marked 
with white and black transverse lines, 
there being about eight of each color 
on each segment. The contrasted white 
and black lines give the larva a bluish 
color. The middle of each segment is 
banded with orange transversely, which 
is faint on segments two and three, 
and conspicuous on four and eleven. 
The orange bands on the middle seg¬ 
ments have each eight black conical 
elevated spots, from each of which arises 
a white hair. The head and shield on 
the first segment are of a shining or¬ 
ange red, dotted with black. The venter is black, variegated with 
bluish-white. The orange bands extend across the legless segments 
on the venter. The legs are black, and the false legs have two 
black spots on an orange ground at their outer base. A lateral 
white line, obsolete on the thoracic segments, runs along just below 
the spiracles; it is interrupted by the orange bands, and is plainest 
on segments 10 and 11; length, 1J inches. Feeds on the leaves of 
the Grape-vine. 
The cocoon is formed without silk, on or below the surface of the 
ground. 
Fig. 23.—Al. Octomaculata. 
