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extent. The best remedy, after the larvae have hatched and found 
security in the crown of the plant, is to stimulate the ground as 
much as possible by the application of fertilizers. 
“We mentioned in last week’s issue that the Hessian-fly appeared 
in Pennsylvania, as well as in Canada and other sections, last year. 
“It appears that the practice of early sowing has lately increased 
so much in Pennsylvania as to furnish everywhere the young winter 
wheat at exactly the time when the Hessian-fly is laying its eggs. 
This probably has a good deal to do with the trouble in Canada 
also. And yet the evils of late sowing are so great that most farm¬ 
ers would prefer to risk the Hessians. A correspondent of the Ger¬ 
mantown Telegraph, speaking from experience,—for he says that he 
has never known his system to fail both to destroy the fly and to 
greatly benefit the crop—gives a useful hint. He says that if the 
land is strong, the eggs of the fly may all be destroyed and the 
crop greatly benefited it this manner: After frosts cease in the 
spring, and the grain is beginning to grow rapidly, and the ground 
has become so dry that tramping will not injure the crop, pasture 
off the grain down to the crown of the plants with sheep. This will 
remove all the eggs, and it will cause the plants to tiller profusely, 
often five to seven to one, and, all starting together, will each enjoy 
equal facilities for growth and maturity, and the crop will be greatly 
improved and increased. If the soil lacks fertility, it is well to apply 
a proper amount of a proper fertilizer when the sheep are removed. 
If no salt has been applied to the land, no application will be more 
likely to pay so well as this, at the rate of twelve to twenty bushels 
per acre. This is well worth trying .”—[Canada Farmer. 
Sowing of hardy varieties of wheat .—When the stalks and leaves 
of certain varieties of wheat are tough and hard, the stems coarse 
and silicious, and the plants “tiller” or throw out secondary shoots 
in a vigorous way, such varieties are naturally the most fly-proof 
and should be selected for sowing as winter wheat, while the less 
hardy and vigorous kinds should be sown when the attacks of the 
Hessian-fly are not to be expected. 
Of the different varieties of “fly-proof” wdieat, the Underhill 
variety has for nearly a century been highly recommended. As 
Fitch remarks, its fly-proof qualities were supposed by many to be 
due to the hardness or solidity of its straw. The fly laid its eggs 
freely upon the leaves, but it was seldom, if ever, materially injured by it. 
It is a bearded white chaff, with a plump yellow berry, requiring to 
be thoroughly dried before grinding, and then producing flour in 
quantity and quality equal to the best of the other varieties. 
The Mediterranean wheat is, in the Middle States, in high repute 
for its fly-proof and hardy nature, recovering better than other 
varieties from the attacks of the fly. A correspondent in Charlotte, 
Tenn., writes us that “the Mediterranean, Eed Chaff and Red May, 
are less liable to be damaged by the fly than any we have tried.” 
Fitch says the Mediterranean wheat is a slight Red Chaff, having 
a long, stiff beard, a long, red and very flinty berry, and ripens 
about ten days earlier than other varieties. In Central New York, 
the Lancaster, a red variety, is strongly urged. 
In Michigan, the Clawson is apparently the favorite wheat, on 
account of its ‘.‘fly-proof” qualities. As stated by Professor Cook— 
