H. A. Baylis 
59 
parallel, running backwards at first, one of them returning towards the anterior 
end of the body, the other continuing posteriorly. The worms are apparently 
viviparous, the uterus containing immense numbers of embryos which are 
not enclosed in a hard egg-shell. 
Hab. stomach[-wall] of elephants. 
1. Parabronema indicum, sp.n. (Genotype.) 
(Figs. 1-3.) 
For measurements see Table, p. 65. 
This is a rather small form, in which the head (Fig. 1) is of a conical shape, 
distinctly narrower in front than at the back of the auricular appendages. 
The latter (Fig. 1 , a.) are regularly horseshoe-shaped, and bear a narrow groove 
on their free edges. The borders of the lips (Fig. 1, C) are simple, without 
a well-marked median inward projection. The anterior pair of postanal 
papillae (Fig. 2) in the male overlap in such a way that the termination of the 
right papilla is well to the left of the mid-ventral line. The posterior pair of 
postanal papillae are symmetrically placed opposite to each other. The two 
terminations of the large median preanal papilla appear to be situated near 
its lateral limits. The left spicule is very slender, and is nearly three times as 
long as the right. 
The female is about twice as large, on an average, as the male. The tail is 
conical, with rather blunt tip. A pair of caudal papillae are just visible as 
minute dimples in the cuticle close to the tip. The vulva is situated a little 
behind the posterior end of the oesophagus. The vagina forms a U-shaped 
bend at about 0*25 mm. from the vulva. After a further course of about 
0-4 mm. it widens into a fusiform swelling, which gives off the two uterine 
branches posteriorly. The uterine branches themselves also have small fusi¬ 
form enlargements near their origin. One branch runs back to a point about 
0-35 mm. from the anus, where it turns forward again. The other turns forward 
sooner, and runs up nearly as far as the posterior end of the oesophagus, 
where it forms a loop and runs once more posteriorly. 
This species differs from P. smithii, as described by Cobbold and by 
Mitter (1912), chiefly in its somewhat larger size, in the greater absolute 
length of the spicules of the male, and in the greater relative length of the 
left spicule. It also differs in the number and arrangement of the caudal 
papillae of the male; but it may be taken as almost certain that some of these 
papillae were overlooked by Cobbold, and that a re-examination of the species 
would show that their arrangement agrees with that in the forms here described. 
Host. The type-material, now in the British Museum (Natural History), 
was collected from the stomach-wall of an Indian elephant (Elepkas indicus) 1 
by the Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department, Madras. 
1 The writer is informed by Mr Oldfield Thomas, F.R.S., that the more correct name of the 
Indian elephant is E. maximus, and that of the African elephant Loxodonta africana. In the 
present paper, however, the more familiar names have been retained. 
