315 
STRONGYLID PARASITES OF HORSES 
IN THE PUNJAB. 
By C. L. BOULENGER, M.A., D.Sc. 
Professor of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore. 
(From the Pathological Laboratory, Punjab Veterinary College.) 
(With 5 Text-figures.) 
INTRODUCTION. 
Although some of the earhest work on the Strongylid parasites of horses 
was done by Giles in India in 1892, the subject has been almost completely 
neglected in this country since that date; even the comparatively recent list 
of Indian parasites compiled by Gaiger (1910) makes no attempt to differ¬ 
entiate the numerous Nematodes which had been confused under the names 
Sclerostomum equinum and S. tetracanthum until the appearance of Looss’ 
famous monograph in 1902. 
Since the publication of this work the subject has attracted the attention 
of a large number of helminthologists both in Europe and America, and the 
sclerostomes of the equines are now referred to eight genera comprising more 
than fifty species. 
Since my arrival in India in October, 1920, I have had the opportunity of 
examining a large number of parasites of horses both from Lahore and other 
districts of the Punjab. The work was carried out in the laboratories of the 
Punjab Veterinary College, the specimens studied there comprising not only 
those preserved in the college collections, but also large numbers of fresh 
worms obtained from the dissection and post-mortem rooms. 
I am greatly indebted to Lieut.-Colonel G. K. Walker, C.I.E., Principal of 
the Punjab Veterinary College, for his courtesy in placing the resources of 
this fine institution at my disposal; my thanks are also due to Mr W. Taylor, 
I.C.V.D., for much assistance in the laboratory and post-mortem rooms, and 
to Captain F. M. Stewart, B.A.V.C., Remount Depot, Sargodha, for the supply 
of a number of specimens from that depot. 
As shown below the worms observed by me are referred to twenty-one 
species, whilst the list is obviously by no means a complete one I think it can 
claim to include the majority of species of common occurrence in the Punjab; 
no new forms were obtained, the present paper however contains additional 
