372 
Mammalian Trypanosomes of A frica 
(g) Infection of chimpanzee. 
An adult male chimpanzee which had lived for some three months at the 
laboratory was fed upon by positive-fly boxes 48 and 49 on 4-7. viii. 1920. 
These boxes were proved to be infective to clean monkeys both before and 
after these dates, and on subsequent dissection a fly with trypanosomes 
swarming in gut and glands was found. 
Trypanosomes were first seen in the blood of the chimpanzee on 12. viii. 
1920. On 8. vi. 1920 and on 10. vi. 1920 malaria parasites were found in the 
animal’s blood; the parasites were only seen in stained thick films and were 
present as fairly large rings. No crescents were seen. The animal had definite 
rigors and pyrexia and was plainly inconvenienced by the plasmodial 
infection. 
Early in November he began to go off his feed a little, and on the 15th 
oedema of the left eye appeared, lasting, however, only 24 hours. 
The animal was affectionate and intelligent, but was obviously suffering. 
There were no signs, apart from the oedema, of trypanosome infection, and 
the appearance towards the end of November of commencing incontinence 
of urine together with the general look of the animal suggested some abdominal 
lesion. 
Unfortunately this chimpanzee absolutely refused to allow any kind of 
examination to be carried out without a struggle which invariably resulted 
in some one getting more or less severely hurt. All attempts at pricking the 
finger or scratching the ear were met with determined protest and resistance, 
and, if persisted with, made him thoroughly upset and miserable. I was 
therefore compelled to let him alone save for occasional examinations, and 
towards the end of his illness he was not handled at all. 
He died on 30. i. 1921 without any signs of cerebral involvement, somno¬ 
lence, or further oedemas. 
Post-mortem the body was emaciated and the incontinence of urine had 
led to some excoriation around the pubis. The liver was large, pale and fatty; 
the spleen not enlarged, firm, and free from infarcts or abscesses. Kidneys 
healthy. Much fat around heart, which was otherwise normal. Abdominal 
viscera: small intestine normal; large intestine, terminal portion above rectum 
much ulcerated, many adhesions in lower abdomen, matting gut coils together 
and to bladder; 10 inches above the anus a perforation J inch in diameter 
through which a small nematode was protruding into the peritoneal cavity. 
On opening up the bowel, the mucous membrane was found to be much con¬ 
gested and showing many small ulcers, some healed and with dark pigmented 
edges. Many of the adhesions of long standing. Large quantity of bright 
yellow fat in the omentum. No large glands were noticed save in the mesentery. 
Bladder contracted. 
The cause of death was plainly chronic peritonitis with perforation and 
extensive ulceration of the lower portion of the large intestine. 
