22G 
Account of a visit to Puppa doung. 
[No. 3, 
render it certain that it must long have been in a condition for vege¬ 
tation to flourish upon it, but it is scarcely possible, even in the dry 
climate of upper Burma, that a volcano of Miocene age should have 
retained its form so perfectly. It is more probably Pliocene. Its 
bulk is not great, and, from the absence of other vents in the neigh¬ 
bourhood, so far as is known, it is scarcely probable, that its volcanic 
activity can have extended over a lengthened geological period. I 
could not learn that there was the slightest tradition among the 
people as to its ever having been in action within the memory of 
man, a circumstance, on the grounds mentioned, extremely improba¬ 
ble. The occurrence, on the summit, of the common brakes, and 
doubtless of other plants of temperate regions, renders it probable 
that the close of the glacial period found its surface in a fit state to 
support vegetation. 
The discovery of a volcano of comparatively recent geological date 
in Burma is the more interesting from the circumstance that the 
long line of volcanoes which has been traced throughout the Eastern 
archipelago has hitherto appeared to end abruptly at Kyouk Phyu 
on the Arakan coast. The so-called mud volcanoes of Memboo have 
no connexion with true volcanic action, but igneous eruptions have 
been recorded at Kyouk Phyii and Cheduba.* Puppa is very little 
removed from the continuation of a line passing through Barren 
island and Kamri, and there is thus a possibility of the extension of 
the great eastern line of volcanic outbursts into the countries of 
Western China; probably, as at Puppa, in tlie form of extinct cones. 
I left Puppa on the 30th October, and reached Pagan the next 
day about mid-day, the road by which I returned being somewhat 
shorter than that by which I went to the mountain. 
# There is a great peak standing out prominently from the west or Arakan 
side of the Yoma, a little north of west from Ramri. I have no idea of what 
its geological formation is, but it does not look like a volcano. Still it may have 
been one. 
