252 An account of Upper and Lower Suwat. [No. 3, 
in their village. The reply of the Tirataey s to this is, that they 
stole the body from Kanjuan, and carried it off to their own village 
and buried it there. All such statements as these are solely for their 
own interested purposes, in order to enable them to peel off the skin 
and flesh of poor people, in the shape of offerings at the shrines. 
Having now reached the boundary or extremity of Upper Suwat, 
beyond which I could not then penetrate, we began to prepare to 
cross the river, and return home by the opposite bank ; but before 
giving an account of our homeward journey, I will here give you 
the information I gained respecting the country beyond, up to the 
source of the Suwat river, which I obtained from an intelligent 
Afghan who passed several years there. 
After leaving Pi’a, the boundary of Upper Suwat, the first village 
is that of Chur-rra’i, beyond which the Pushto or Afghan language 
ceases to be spoken, and the Kohistani language is used. The fiist 
village is Biran-yal inhabited by Tor-wals, which is situated on the 
left or western bank of the Kohistan riv er as the river of Suwat is 
also termed. The distance between this village of Biran-yal and the 
village of Chur-rra’i is about eight miles, from the first of which the 
Kohistan may be said to commence. The people here too under¬ 
stand Pushto. From this to the extremity of the valley, at the 
mountain of Sar-dzaey, is a distance of seventy-five miles ; but the 
valley is so narrow that a stone thrown from one side reaches the 
other; in short it is about a bow-shot across. The whole of this 
space is occupied by two tribes ; first the Tor-wals, sometimes also 
called Bud-baris; and above them again, the Garwi tribe. The 
amount of the former is about 9,000 adult males, and the Garwis 
about 3,000. Hence it will be seen, that this district is densely 
populated. The villages inhabited by Tor-wals, from south to north, 
are ; Biran-yal, to the west of the river, eight miles from Chur-rra’i ; 
Haranaey, to the east of the river, about twelve miles from Chur- 
rra’i ; Cham, to the west of the river; Gornaey, to the east of the 
river ; Chawat-gram, to the west; Barnett, to the east ; Cliukil, to 
the east ; Ajru-kalaey, to the west; and Man-kial, to the east, these 
belong to the Tor-wal tribe ; and Pasli-mal, to the west; Har-yani, 
to the east; Ila-hi-kott, to the west ; Usliu, to the east; Kalam, to 
the west; and Utrorr, to the west, belong to the Garwi tribe. 
After this, still proceeding north, are the three villages of the 
