MILLER: MAMMALS OF ONTARIO. 
damp, marshy localities furnish essentially Canadian conditions and 
support growths of spruce and balsam. 
Among the birds which Mr. Brooks found breeding at Milton 
and Mount Forest are the following which may be considered more 
or less characteristic of the Transition zone: Colinus virginianus , 
Zenaidura macroura , Melanerpes carolinus, 1 M. erythrocephalus, 
Antrostomus vooiferus, Dolichonyx oryzivorus , Pipilo erythroph- 
thalmus , Seiurus motacittaGeothlypis trichas , and Turdus muste- 
limis. 
In Ontario the characteristic mammals of the Transition zone are : 
Lepus sylvaticus mearnsi , Peromyscus leueopus noveboracensis , 
Seiurus carolinensis leucotis , Adelonyeteris fasens, and Procyon 
lotor. Others doubtless occur, but I know of no authentic records 
of their capture. 
Canadian zone. — In central Ontario the boundary between the 
Transition zone and the Canadian zone lies somewhere in the 
region north of Lake Simcoe and south of Lake Nipissing. Recent 
extensive forest fires have so modified the appearance of the 
country near the railroad that I found it impossible to reach any 
conclusion concerning the boundary line further than that it lies 
somewhere between the two lakes just mentioned. During the 
afternoon of August 6, spent at Gravenhurst, about 80 miles south 
of Lake Nipissing, no forest could be found that had not been 
recently burned. Spruces grow on the rocky shore of Muskoka 
Lake near the wharf, but a distinct southern element in the life of 
the region was indicated by the abundance of towhees breeding 
among some stunted second growth, and by a green snake, probably 
Cyclophis vernalis (De Kay), and a blue-tailed lizard ( Pin nieces') 
seen on the railroad embankment a short distance south of the 
town. 
At North Bay, on Lake Nipissing, the flora and fauna are purely 
Canadian. The forest is characterized by the dominance of spruce, 
balsam, arbor vitae, tamarack, sugar maple, moose maple, paper 
birch, and mountain ash, all attaining their full size, by the absence 
of hickory, butternut, black walnut, and white oak, and by the great 
scarcity of red oak, basswood, elm, and beech. Among the charac¬ 
teristically northern shrubs and herbaceous plants occurring in 
abundance at North Bay I found: — 
«/ 
1 Melanerpes carolinus and Seiurus motacilla are more distinctly Austral types than 
any of the others in Mr. Brooks’s list. 
