MILLER: MAMMALS OF ONTARIO. 
23 
Peromyscus canadensis canadensis Miller. 
. Common everywhere in the forests about North Bay. 
Found by Mr. Brooks in damp evergreen woods and along creek 
bottoms at Mount Forest. 
It can no longer be doubted that Peromyscus canadensis is speci¬ 
fically distinct from P. leucopus. Specimens of eastern white¬ 
footed mice in the flesh can always be referred without question to 
one species or the other. Supposed intermediates are probably in 
most cases short-tailed specimens of P. canadensis whose characters 
have been obscured by faulty taxidermy. 
The range of the species west of the Great Lakes is not yet 
known, but in eastern North America it is about co-extensive with 
the wooded parts of the Hudsonian and Canadian zones. It pene¬ 
trates the Transition zone in some localities where extensive tracts 
of cold, damp woodland give it the surroundings that it requires. 
The typical form, Peromyscus canadensis canadensis , is apparently 
confined to the Canadian and Transition zones. In the Hudsonian 
zone occur a second and third subspecies, P. canadensis abietorum 
Bangs 1 in New Brunswick and Quebec and P. canadensis umbrinus 
Miller on the north shore of Lake Superior. 
Peromyscus canadensis umbrinus Miller. 
New subspecies (Type, 9 ad. No. 4054, collection of Gerrit S. 
Miller, Jr., Peninsula Harbor, Ontario, October 1, 1896) ; smaller 
than Peromyscus canadensis canadensis but similar in proportions, 
ground color yellower than in the typical form, and dark shading, 
especially on back and face, much more conspicuous. 
Color. — Type: general color of back and sides light yellowish 
wood-brown, brightest and purest on cheeks, dullest and grayest on 
occiput and neck, everywhere strongly suffused with black, the dark 
shading most noticeable along middle of back, but not forming a 
dark dorsal stripe ; conspicuous patch at base of whiskers and nar¬ 
row ring around eye black ; ears thinly clothed with short hairs, 
these nearly black except along rims of ears where they are whitish; 
tail well haired and sharply bicolor, black dorsally, white ventrally; 
belly, throat, and backs of all four feet white; body fur, except on 
chin, deep plumbeous at base, this color showing through the white 
of the belly very slightly. 
1 l’roc. Biolog. Soc. Washington, Mar. 9,189C, vol. 10, p. 49. 
