WOODMAN: GOLD-BEARING SLATES OF NOVA SCOTIA 387 
following the Great North or “ Serpent ” lead, which bears quartz 
over a foot thick Hexed in large waves. The parallelism of quartz 
layers also is marked here. In the quarries much smaller examples 
show many points not brought out so clearly in the large cases. 
At East Waverly occurs what must remain as the type case of 
rolled or barrel quartz. It has been described by some of the 
earlier writers, and in one or two cases figured in a diagrammatic 
way. The resemblance noted by Silliman and others to a cordu¬ 
roy road or a succession of barrels ceases when both sides of the 
vein are seen. Instead of a series of cylinders laid side by side, 
the rolls are merely what would be made by corrugating any flexi¬ 
ble sheet, and their two walls are parallel for the most part. The 
lead lies almost on the contact between slate and whin, and the 
tunnels show both walls in many places. The adjacent slate is 
plicated as closely as the vein, while the hanging-wall of whin is 
perfectly even. The rolls are regular, and show a divergence with 
the bedding which increases as one goes towards the axis of the 
older fold at the end of the main tunnel. At West Waverly none 
of the leads have distinct rolls so far as observed. 
In this district of Waverly, which embraces an area roughly two 
miles east and west, by one north and south, all the complications 
attendant upon the two series of orogenic movements are highly 
developed, and well revealed by erosion. For this reason I have 
chosen it for description as a type of the kind of structures origi¬ 
nating in the Province under such circumstances. So far as I am 
aware, the form which it presents has been seldom noted in text¬ 
books, when treating of dynamical geology. It is thoroughly 
characteristic of the series, although presenting some individual 
peculiarities; and its main features are more accentuated than in 
most of the other cases which the series exhibits. On the eastern 
border, as at Isaac’s Harbor, the main anticlines are so long that 
their plunging ends may not be met within the range of a single 
settlement. 
The structure of East Waverly is that of an east-west anticline, 
which begins to plunge eastward at a very low angle beyond Willis 
Lake. Near lakes William and Thomas, at a point about 750 feet 
east of the shore road, it commences a steep plunge to the west, 
the vein dropping 185 feet in 425, and continuing downward at an 
angle of at least 50° when last seen, at lake-level. This vein, 
famous as the type of rolled or “barrel” quartz, has been well 
