WOODMAN: GOLD-BEARING SLATES OF NOVA SCOTIA. 389 
nomic importance, detailed study of it has not been made. No 
bedded veins have been observed in it, but it contains several bar¬ 
ren cross-leads striking roughly north-south and dipping east. 
The location of the fault on its eastern border is marked by an 
escarpment seventy-five feet high, which serves to bring out forcibly 
the difference in resistance of the whin and slate. 
East of the whin cap are the fault-blocks that contain most of 
the profitable veins. The first of these has an up-throw of 967 feet, 
the flat portion of the barrel quartz lead at East Waverly being taken 
as a datum-plane. At the center of the anticline, immediately west 
of the railroad, appears amass of whin of greater visible thickness 
than any other except the cap; and it seems to mark the base of 
this local gold series. The ledge presents a great contrast to that 
which exposes the summit of the series. Instead of lying in a broad 
flat crown, the beds dip steeply from the very axis, showing a greatly 
pinched condition of this portion of the fold. Outwardly north and 
south from this axial outcrop are many veins, some worked, others 
idle, and all running with the bedding. They must be far more 
numerous than the outcrops show; but here, as in Moose River 
and most other mining settlements in Nova Scotia, little or no 
attempt has been made to uncover the bed-rock in a trench across 
the strike and bring to light all the leads that come to the surface. 
Only three veins are shown upon the map, because of the small scale 
employed ; but enough are set down to give the structure of the 
area. The edge of the slate series on the north has been determined 
in several places; but its extension westward in the curve shown on 
the map is partly inferred from the plunge of the fold and the 
relations of various beds. Drift hinders detailed work in most 
places where artificial exposures do not aid the observer. This is 
especially true on the south side of the fold, where few veins are 
mined ; and as a result, the southern limit as given on the map is 
conjectural, and liable to a possible error of 400 feet. Indeed, it is 
probable that on account of greater denudation the margin is 
slightly farther to the south than is shown. 
The pitch of the axis is not uniform, but is steeper at first, more 
gentle in the center of the block, and continues at a very gentle 
grade towards the western margin. This is shown by the conver¬ 
gence and dip of the leads where observable. The south dips are 
less steep than the north ones; hence the axial plane of the fold 
does not lie vertical, but dips somewhat southward. The denuda- 
