MARCH. 
87 
operation ; indeed it may be diversified to a great extent, and it is not of 
much importance what method is adopted so long as the inner bark, 
both of the stock and scion, are in contact, so that the sap may pass 
freely from one to the other; therefore it will be useless to notice many 
modes, and only those that are of practical utility to the fruit grower 
will be enumerated. 
Tongue or whip grafting. Fig. 2, is the most common and the best 
way of working stocks when they are from half toan inch in diameter 
having chosen a proper place, where the 
bark is smooth, as the point for the 
graft, which ought to be about six inches 
from the ground, with a very sharp knife 
cut it off in a sloping direction, then 
make a smooth sloping cut upwards 
about two inches in length, as at A ; 
at B make a slit near the top of the cut, 
and take out a small wedge shaped piece 
of wood; select the scion c, which ought 
to be of the previous year’s growth and 
not more than six inches long, or having 
three or four buds ; next make a sloping 
cut at the lower end of scion (d) the 
same length as that on the stock, and 
make the tongue upwards (e) to corre¬ 
spond with the cleft in the stock, and fit 
it accurately, so that the inner barks 
exactly meets on one side if not on the 
other. The graft is then bound firmly 
on with bast-matting, without changing 
its position, and cover the junction 
with prepared clay or wax, and the 
operation is complete. As soon as the 
union has taken place, and the graft is 
beginning to send forth shoots, the clay 
may be removed and the bandage 
loosened. 
Splice grafting. Fig. 3, is a very simple and certain mode; if the 
scion corresponds with the size of the stock, the union will be very 
complete. It is only necessary to make two cuts, one upwards on the 
stock in a sloping direction (a) and downwards on the scion (b) a little 
over an inch in length, and fit them nicely ; then bind them together 
with bast-matting and cover with clay the same as tongue-grafting. 
This mode may also be applied with great advantage (when stocks are 
scarce), in grafting the roots of fruit trees. Fig. 4. The roots can be 
collected at the time fruit trees are transplanted, or at the time of root 
pruning \ uoy small piece of a few inches in length and the sanie size 
as the graft, will answer the purpose. The root (c) is grafted in the 
same way as Fig. 3, but no clay is required, it is merely bedded, firmly 
in the soil, taking care to cover the place of junction, only allowing the 
top of the scion to be above the soil, as shown by the dotted line D. 
Trees grafted in this way are very healthy and produce fine fruits. 
Fig 2. 
