ON ETHNOLOGY. 
249 
twor^onsare divided all the nations and languages the history of which 
constitutes what may be termed properly African ethnology. 1 shall pass 
briefly over this subject, since I underetand that an elaborate memoir on the 
languages of Africa has been prepared by Dr. Latham. 
h appears probable from the prwent state of our knowledge that only two 
raees of people and two languages exist in the vast regions of Southern 
Abica. These are the Hottentot tribes in the most southern parts and the 
great nation allied to the Kafirs of the eastern coast, who occupy, as it appears, 
ihe whole space from the coast of the Atlantic to tliat of the Indian Ocean. 
The Uotteatots were in fonner times more extensively spread : the Kafirs 
have encroaclied upon them. The Hottentots and the Bushmen, who call 
themselves Queequ® aod Saaba, are one race. It has been supposed that 
tbcj- came originally from Western Africa, where there L« still a tribe named 
“Quaqua.” And the description of the Kurnri, the aboriginal people of the 
country on the Joliba, who have long ago been driven into mounUiiiious 
by the more civilized people of the plains, is caleulatcfl to remind us of 
the Hottentots; but this is merely a conjecture that may afford u suggestion 
forbquiry; for the other great South African race we very much w'ont a 
tume. The Kafirs are but a small section of them, and the other tribes differ 
»iouch from the typical character of the Kafirs, that it seems incongruous 
^gi»'ethem the same appellation. Many of them are Negro races, very 
«roDglv marked as such. I shall term them provisionally, and until a proper 
dpsiguation can be discovered, “the Hypotropical race of South 
Africa.'’ Their country lies imdur the tropic of Capricorn, at»d reaches per- 
“p loan equal extent on botli skies of that line. To this family belong,— 
h The Kafirs near the Cape, or the Aniakosalj, the Amazulah, liechuatias, 
Wuall the warlike nomadic tribes who have lately made inroads on tlie co- 
iited country in the south-east. 2. All the tribes termed Mozambique 
3 . 'phe Suaheli, a people of the sea-coast as fur northward as 
•wmbas and Ajan, who are perfectly black and woolly-haire<l, but not so 
j^dly of the Negi-o type. t. All the nations of Kongo, Angola, and 
long ago described by rorUiguese writers, 
le identity of tliese nations, or the fact that they belongto one I'anjily, hi^ 
, fully established. We have sufficient information respecting their 
pages to be enabled to affirm that they are all dialects of one speech in 
*wct sense of the term, and this fact seems to admit of no other explaua- 
than that which 1 have assigned*. 
Jhalt not attempt to go through the enumeration of languages in the great 
of Central Negroland. The country is unexplored, and the numlier of 
n “f separate idioms cannot yet be ascertained, and 1 doubt not that 
n lias collected all that can be found in elucidation of this subject, 
offer a few remarks, which will be rather ethnographical than philo- 
?rcat mountaineer races of Matidingos and Fulahs inhabiting ihe 
of the Amakosali Kartrs. and trf the Sichuane, the uboru of the 
■*'* hy Wfsleyan missionaries. 1 have lo 
“y "nleyaa missionaries. i Jiave long 
roL u.) comimrcd some of dm forms of the Kafir ^m- 
* “f Kongo. Of U.«e last wc have the sivuclure 
stou^n,” Brosdotti a Velralla, and mort fully in the g»nmiar of 
Jv between the grsjumatical svstctu of the Kosah language “‘J 
«!d 1 am not mistaken, much nearer than the rcUuon between the Latin 
