102 
REPORT— 1847. 
the communities composing them were as much as possible similarly circumstiDctd 
in regard to manufactures, in regard to agriculture, in regard to wealth-4n fact, that 
the two ditfered from each other only in the degree of instruction or education; and 
hence so far as statistical tests are at present arailable, the two sections or clastes con- 
pared, were, with the exception of education, placed under exactly the same sociaiiid 
political conditions of society. The following is an abstract of the results arrived atr- 
Groups of Caustics giriog the results 
for the Male sex oalj. 
tUtio of crime abore or 
below the srerwe of 
Enelaod tnd Wales 
m sections of 
Differesee 
per ceoL in 
farou of 
edueatini. 
||| 
"II 
fi'Sg 
S ®-o 
g 
®-s| 
Greatest manufacturing . 
+ i»'4 
+ 8-4 
+ 33-2 
-f 10-4 
+ 15-8 
+ 9-2 
+ 11-3 
+ 13-2 
+ lG-4 
+ 0-9 
- 7-2 
320 
7-5 
Ditto agricultural 
Manufacturing interests per 
cent, above the average. 
30-4 
Agricultural iutereat 50 per cent, 
above tlie averap« ... 
- 2-6 
13'0 
Manufacturing and agriciiituml in¬ 
terests nearly f-tiiinl 
— 9-3 
25-1 
Greatest wealth 
— 29'1 
38-6 
Least wealth . , 
— 13'5 
24-8 
Sountiei of least education...1 
Counties of moat education . I 
-30*?} 
43-9 
*^*'**^® *** hndly.ediicated sections of each group over that wliich 
in the R'tter educated sections of the same group; and it must be regarefed 
powerful argument in favour of even the small degree of education or inrtfiiction 
here recogmaed, that not a single instance )ia« appeared in which a marked. M 
aiost striking difierence, averaging above 36 per cent., does notsw* 
Itself m favour of the better educated districts. All the other oomblosiiom sm 
airangcments made to deternitne the active element in the increase and devreat” 
CTime wore imsuccessful, anvl produced no .satisfactory result; in fact, the}’ did Ml 
lead to the discovery of any condition or circumstance of life which was pecuiiuW 
one cfistnct more than another; but as soon ns the cdocationa) test is iniroduwii* 
laimcdistely analyses groups and districts, which before showed the most cuDtramO^ 
results, mto a umfomi and regular series. It is thus evident, that so far** 
now afiplied ts available, more conclusive evidence could not be hoped forof w* 
influeoce of education on the diminution of crime. , . 
ibis tes^ however, having been derived from a source partiy iodependenl 
theniselvBis has led to a siintlar analytic of an educational test derived 
the mminal population. The Homo-office returns show for each year tl»en«n'l>*^ 
criraioaU who can neither read nor write, who can read and write impcrfecilv."!« 
have a superior education. During th» 
1842-44, there were of the male sex in England and Wale#,— 
of ihe criminals, who could neither read oof wnif- 
c!Jv» "'h® could read and write imperfectly. 
T'] P®*" * '^ho could read and write well, and 
P®*" cent., of superior education. 
G9,616 
''hose instruction was not ascertained. 
71,.^40 
ne/theVreaVn^r°"® ''hile the proportion ofmale criminals riiocjld 
the ^Skil dfSn P®*" ®®”^- ’ ”‘%ht hence be 
c difference m those two ratios, education could have no 
