TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 
109 
Stalls, of Ik Agra Gooernmek, or Prminceo of 
Bengal By Lieut-Colonel Sykes, V.FM.b. 
Tl, .hole of the territory compriring the Agro'e 
Bmed and measured, and the cultivated lands being distinguished 
vnusi. and the latier from waste and barren lands, a aausfnctory basis i. 
« natotial data given. The area « 51,861 square miles, comprising 43,937.06. 
wiirte 8ct«*. of which J2.340,824 are cultivoted; 
a^ted; 1.167,610 freelaodi, and 8,983.373 barren, together with 
itdMinaisbed whether free or barren. The govemnient is divided into «* 
Meerut, RohUcund, Agra, Allahabad, and Benares; and each 
txcM Benares, is divided into five districts Uenares having sw. '**7^ 
tons aad villages; and the assessment upon the cultivated land, constituting the 
Uai laa for 1846-47, was 4,039,162 ninces, averaging therefore one rupiK, twelve 
■Be, and eleven pie the statute acre, or three shillings and sevcnpence halfpenny 
ptntetnteacre; and this tax is upon land* which produce those rem unerative re- 
to«,ii%'ar, indigo, cotton, condiinenta, &e. 8:c. The average maxiimim in any 
farici it onlv five shillings and sixpence per acre, and a rate of lour Bhillinp per 
are or above that amount only obtains in fourteen out of the tbirty-one distnci* ot 
iht AgraBoverament. The minimum average land-tax is fifteen perice per acre in ine 
llurriinnri district. Colonel Sykes gives the proportions of the land in some dwncts 
demud to sugar, cotton and other crops, and from these facts and other elaouraie 
mknee, demonstrates the utter fullacy of the asserted oppressive nature ot t e 
lofe iwid-tax; admitting, at the some time, that there may be local 
The population of the Agra government is staled to be ^viog M k 
xehto the square mile; the average maximum (setting aside the cities) being 
W^hud the minimum !)6'4 to the square mile. In thereniru which 
%io makes use of, the aexe* are not distinguished, and in twelve distnetsoniy is tne 
use ot, tne sexes are not uisiinguisucu, aou m —- v - 
Wsilation separated into Hindoo and Mahomedao, agricultural and non-agncultural. 
Th* Hindoos would appear! to have the largest proportion of agriculturists in the 
Wwof 4,oril,484 to 2,148,472 non-agriculturists. The Mahomedans, on the con- 
1*7- have only 5t)7,2fl5 souk engaged in agriculture to 746,826 not so engaged. Jt 
^ been usual to consider the proportion of Hindoos to Mahoniedans in India as 
hut in the above twelve districts the Hindoos being 6,199,956 and the 
Mihoaedaiis 1,254,121, the proportion is about 0 to 1. 
Ik hfimue of Bduoation, shown bg fads fccorde.il in the Criminal 
Tables for 1845 and 1B46. Hf/ CJ. 11. Porter, F.It.S, 
Tlie object of the author was to show the beneficial influence of education in less- 
^the amount of those crimes for the commission of which men are brought before 
of justice. He showed from official records, extending over a period ot 
^ years, 1&36 to 1840, that while the yearly average number of w*io 
charged with offence* In England aiul Wales was 25,812, vix. 20,969 males, 
^ females, the yearly average number among them who had received any in- 
rcadingand wntinc was only 106, viz. 102 wales, 4 female*, or only 
w 10,000 aceuwd, and that, on the average, more thou onc-hall of tliecoun les 
f'irnkh any educated criminal, while 7 counties faded dunog 
^•hole period to furnish any cause of accusation against educated person*. IJunng 
I***® years 1845 and 1846 that were submitted to a more minute exaimimimi,it 
^*wm,lhaiin 1845. among 24,303 tccusaiions, only 89 were against Rotated 
ami that in 1846 the whole number accused being 25,1 on 
the educated class, being in the proportion of 37 m I” A 
- iSr"* ‘V* "umberin 1846. The mimber of educated persons convicted was 4o 
female in each of the years being found »« fhe l st 
that educated person* form no part of our youthful 
5 atL* ^'n"" f"-'* ■■■ 
