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THE ORDER OF COLEOPTERA. 
tkiue vn. 
LAMELLICORN DUNG-BEETLES, 
j Excrementivora lamellicornia. Saprophaga, MacLeay. 
These beetles, as their name implies, are found almost exclusively in 
the dung of animals, mostly that of horses and cows, upon which they 
feed, and the decomposition of which they hasten, and thus constitute 
an important wing of the great army of useful insect scavengers. The 
tribe is composed of the four following families : 
A. End of the abdomen exposed. Middle legs wider apart than the others; hind 
tibise with a single spur; antenna; 8 or 9- jointed; size various Commas. 
A A. Abdomen wholly covered by elytra. Middle legs not wider apart than the 
others; hind tibia; with two spurs; antenna; 9 to 11-jointed. 
B. Abdomen with six ventral segments. Anterior thighs not dilated. 
C. Antenna; 9-jointed. Body almost cylindrical ; size small Awtodiid/E. 
C C. Antenna; 11-jointed. Mandibles robust and exposed; body oval or roun. 
ded; size various GEOTiturm-E. 
B B. Abdomen with five ventral segments. Anterior thighs greatly dilated ; body 
rough; size small to medium Tiiogidus. 
Sub-family XXVI. COPRIDB3. 
(Fig. 34.] 
This family contains the lar- 
gest species in this tribe of 
Lamellicorns, the G opr is Caro- 
lina being upwards of an inch 
in length, two-thirds of an inch 
in width, and half an inch 
in thickness. But it also con- 
tains small species. The Chw- 
ridium capistratum, a shining, 
mahogany-brown insect, is 
scarcely a quarter of an inch 
in length, and some of the 
Onthophagi are still smaller. 
Many of the males have a horn 
or tubercle on the top of the 
head. In this division is the 
common tumble-dung beetle, 
Copius Caboi.ina, Linn.: — a, larva]; b, a section of the ( Cant lion IcwiSj Dl'Ul'y. ) A 
hollow excrementitious ball in which the insect undergoes . ,. ,, ■ 
its transformations ; c, pupa of C. mahgixatuh (from Do- pail 01 lliese insects IS Olteit 
haan) ;d, fen, ale beetle : e, the spiracle, or bieathingpore of : n ,,,,,1 
larva;/, the mandible; ,/. the antenna; It, tin, labium, SeCU WOIklllg 111 COUCeib, UnU 
with the rudimentary labial palpi ; f, the maxilla and |,. 1 1 ,,p 
maxillary palpus ; j, tho swelling on the under side ot the 1 0111 Ilg cl Odil 01 ill <111 111 O ill 
anal segment— alter Itiley. 
search of some suitable place 
