1871. ] 
THE EVERGREEN GARDEN. 
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which, is famished by a select collection of beautiful specimen trees, of varied 
size, form, and colour, is intersected by circular and radiating walks, dividing 
the surface into beds, filled with dwarf evergreens, so hardy that they bid 
defiance to the severest cold ; these are margined by contrasting subjects, and 
are adapted to set off the finer specimens, such as standard and pyramid and 
conical Hollies, columnar Cypresses, Yews, and Biotas, golden-headed Yews, 
&c., which are displayed amongst them at regular intervals. 
The first place in a garden of Hardy Evergreens must be given to the vivid- 
green pyramidal Cupressus Lawsoniana erecta viridis , without question the best 
hardy evergreen in cultivation. The Hollies come nest in merit and importance, 
and though not all equally hardy, they yield many kinds which are able to brave 
all weathers with impunity. One of the finest of the variegated sorts is that called 
Waterer’s Holly (see figure), remarkable for its small leaves and dense growth, and 
which forms conical specimens of the utmost symmetry. Other variegated sorts, 
both gold and silver, and amongst them that known as Golden Queen, are 
invaluable on account of their bright marginal colours ; while several of the 
dark-leaved, almost black-green, Hollies are not only effective, but utterly 
regardless of frost, however intense. Amongst the more distinct and noteworthy 
of this latter group are Ilex Aquifolium laurifolia , ovatci , scotica , tortuosa , and 
clonningtoniensis. The green and golden hedgehog-leaved Hollies, too, are 
perfectly hardy. For parterre work all these Hollies may be used, either in the 
form of standard trees, pyramids, dwarf cones, or low bushes. 
Amongst the choicer subjects of pyramidal habit, come the variety of 
Cupressus Lawsoniana above alluded to ; Taxus erecta , remarkable for its neat 
habit and healthy green colour ; and Biota elegantissima , which is very effective 
on account of its strongly contrasting, bright coppery-brown hue during winter, 
and its golden tint in summer. Then there are Taxus hibernica , deep green, of 
•columnar habit, and not liable soon to outgrow its positions ; Taxus japonica , 
columnar, dark green, perfectly hardy, and with rather a bolder character, though 
dwarfer than the Irish Yew; and the Golden Yew, worked on the Irish Yew or 
on columnar plants of the common Yew, or in the form of bush, or cone, or 
pillar, all of which may well form conspicuous objects in an evergreen garden. 
As a shrub of looser habit, we have the well-known typical Cupressus Law- 
somana , which is perfectly hardy and always elegant, though far surpassed in 
beauty by the* more regular feathery C. Lawsoniana gracilis, the colour of which 
is a rather paler shade of green. Then Juniperus chinensis , light green and 
elegant, Retinospora obtusa , bright green, and Thujopsis dolabrata , sap-green, are 
all good, and distinct. 
As dwarf compact bushes, there is the invaluable Thuja aurea , which puts on a 
golden-green hue with its young growth in spring, and acquires a warm brownish- 
red tint in winter; Cupressus Lawsoniana pygmcea , low, glaucous, and feathery- 
looking ; Abies pygmcea , dwarf, dense, erect, conical, and full green ; Abies pumila , 
