218 
THE FLORIST AND POMOLOGIST. 
[ OCTOBER, 
When a Breeder flower “ rectifies ” or “ breaks.” a great change is made ; the 
solid self-colour of the Breeder entirely disappears, and the flower, in the case 
of Bizarres, takes on a yellow ground, with markings of various shades of brown 
up to black. In Byblcemens the ground is white, with purple markings, varying in 
colour from rosy-purple to black. In Eoses the ground is also white, with markings 
of all shades of red. There is no law by which any one can venture to predict 
from the colour of the breeder flower what the colour of the rectified or broken 
one will be. A breeder flower of a light colour will often give dark-coloured 
markings in the rectified state, while another much darker in colour as a breeder 
will give markings of a lighter colour. 
These markings are divided into two classes, “ feathered ” and ‘‘ flamed.” In 
a feathered flower the marking is confined to the edge of each petals the rest of the 
petal being ground-colour. In a flamed flower the edge of the petal is feathered, 
and besides this a heam 7'uns down the centre; this beam should be broadest at the 
base and taper gradually in form until it is lost in the feathering on the top of the 
petal; from the beam, lines of colour are thrown out, uniting the beam with the 
feathered edge. A good idea of the marking of a flamed flower may be gained, as 
Mr. Slater once put it, by the appearance of a well-grown symmetrical beech-tree 
in winter, when the foliage has all fallen off. 
When the flowers “ break ” from the Breeder, a large proportion of them are 
neither properly feathered nor flamed. Some of these improve afterwards, but 
as a rule, if a break of this kind shows no improvement after three or four years’ 
growing, it will be wise to discard it. On the other hand, many break almost 
perfect, and a few quite perfect—feathered or flamed, as the case may be; these 
are carefully cherished and further tested, and if they keep constant to their 
character for years, they are much esteemed. Each break of this character, which 
is kept growing on, is termed a “ strain,” and as its character is established, it 
becomes well known, so that Smith’s fine strain of “ Sir Joseph Paxton,” Brown’s 
“ Lord Bpon,” Eobinson’s “ Masterpiece,” &c., are much coveted and sought after 
by tulip-growers. 
In addition to the list given at p. 194, the following varieties, of which the 
stock is limited, may, when opportunity permits, be safely added to the most 
select collection:— 
Bizarres. 
Ariosto (Groom), sold out more than 
twenty years ago, but still scarce; good 
both feathered and flamed; fourth row. 
Excelsior (Hardy), flamed, in the style 
of that fine old variety, Sauzio, or Captain 
White, but quite pure; it is unequalled as a 
breeder. 
Lord Delamere (Hardy), flamed and 
feathered; a flower of the highest class, and 
most refined in its flamed markings. 
Lord Warden (Walker), broken this year 
from the breeder, finely flamed j it is also a 
first-class breeder. 
Mr. Wardle (Walker), broken this year, 
finely feathered, by Mr. Horner, 
President (Hepworth), a grand flamed 
flower; third row. 
Kichard Eadcliefe and John Morris, 
feathered, both very fine. 
Richard Yates (Lea), fine both in the 
feathered and in the flamed states; rather 
small in size; first row. 
Tiny Tim (Horner), feathered, a fine rich 
brown, on a bright deep yellow ground. 
William Lea (Storer), flamed, a rich dark- 
coloured flower; markings almost black, on 
a fine yellow ground. 
William Wilson and Dr. Dalton (Hardy), 
good useful flowers, both in the feathor(?f1, 
fiamod, and breeder states. 
