OCTOBER. 
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gardener will, when his mind is turned to improved fruit-tree culture, see all 
this, and make his fruit garden a pattern of order. 
“ I have been led into these remarks on market garden fruit-tree culture 
by my own experience, and especially into a consideration of the great 
improvement that may be made in the culture of Apples on the English 
Paradise stock. These trees will this season, the third of their growth iu their 
present quarters, and the fourth of their age, give an average of a quarter of 
a peck from each tree, so that we might have, from 4840 trees, growing on 
one acre of ground, 302 bushels of fine Apples, which, even this abundant 
season (1864), would be (if Cox’s Orange), worth 5s. per bushel, or £75. In 
1856, the trees then averaging half a peck each, would be double this sum, and 
make an acre of Apple trees a very agreeable and eligible investment. The 
kinds likely to sell best in the markets, and which are most productive, are the 
following :—Cox’s Orange Pippin, Reinette VanMons, Ribston Pippin, Sturmer 
Pippin, Scarlet Nonpareil, and Dutch Mignonne. These are dessert Apples. 
The following are valuable kitchen Apples, and abundant bearers :—Haw- 
thornden, New Hawthornden, Small’s Admirable, Cox’s Pomona, Keswick 
Codlin, Dumelow’s Seedling, Lord Sufiield, Norfolk Bearer, Duchess of Olden- 
burgh, and Forge Apple. Such large varieties as Bedfordshire Foundling, 
Blenheim Orange, and Warner’s King, should have more space, and be planted 
4 feet apart, and be thinned out by removal, as recommended for those planted 
3 feet apart. 
“ It may be by some made a question of expense, for although the return 
must be large and profitable, the purchase of 5000 Apple trees would involve a 
large outlay. To this I reply—first, that stocks costing only a small sum per 
thousand may be planted and grafted where the trees are to grow permanently; 
and, second, that a large demand, which my method of planting would create, 
will also create a cheap supply. The preparation of the ground should be as 
follows :—It should, previous to planting, be forked over to a depth of 
20 inches ; if very poor and exhausted, from 30 to 40 tons of manure may be 
forked in—not more, as trees such as I have recommended—viz., Pears on the 
quince stock, and Apples on the English Paradise stock, do not root deeply— 
this ought to cost £6 13s. 4c?. The annual expenses are forking the surface in 
spring, £1 6s. 8 cl., and hoeing the ground, say four times during the summer, 
£1 4s. I give the amounts paid here for such work. Then comes the summer- 
pinching of the shoots by a light-fingered active youth, and this may at a guess 
be put down at £1, making the aggregate annual expenses £3 10s. 8 d. or say 
£4. The large return will amply afford this outlay, even adding, as we ought 
to do, the interest on capital and rent. 
“ It will be seen that what I propose is in reality a nursery orchard, which 
may be made to furnish fruit and trees for a considerable number of years. 
To fully comprehend this, we must suppose a rood of ground planted, as I have 
described, with 1210 bush Apple trees. In the course of eight or ten years 
half of these, or 605, may be removed to a fresh plantation, in which they 
may be planted 6 feet apart; they will at once occupy half an acre of ground. 
At the end of sixteen or eighteen years, every alternate row of trees in the 
first plantation, the rood, will require to be removed, which will give 302 trees 
to be planted 6 feet apart, leaving 303 in the original rood. Die 1210 trees 
will by this time occupy one acre of ground at 6 feet apart. With proper 
summer-pruning or pinching they will not require any further change, but 
continue to grow and bear fruit as long as they are properly cultivated. The 
great advantage reaped by the planter is the constant productiveness of his 
trees; from the second year after planting they will be always 4 paying 
their way.’ 
