ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF OUR BIRDS. 
493 
Family MONTACILLIDiE: Wagtails. 
25. Anthus ludovicianus (Gm,), Light. TITLARK; PIPIT; WAGTAIL. 
Group I. Class a. 
This gregarious and highly terrestrial species is only a migrant in Wisconsin. 
It passes us southward in October and returns again in April and May, and dur¬ 
ing these times it is probably common, although I liave met with but a single 
flock. Its haunts are plowed flelds, pastures, meadows, the banks of streams 
and the shores of lakes. 
Food: The two specimens which were examined had in their stomachs several 
small beetles and heteropterous insects. 
Various small seeds (Wilson). When along shores, minute shells, small 
shrimps, and insects found among drift-weeds; when in meadows and plowed 
fields, insects and seeds (Audubon). Seeds and insects (Cooper). On the beach, 
small mollusks and animalculae; in pastures and fields, insects, spiders, and 
seeds of grasses and weeds (Samuels). 
Famila- SYLYICOLIDiE: American Warblers. 
Fig. 114. 
Fig. 115. 
OrangE'CROWEd Warbler (Helminthophaga 
celata). After B., B. and R. 
Black-and-White Creeping Warbler {Min- 
iotilta varia). After B., B. and R. 
Fig. 116. 
Fig. 117. 
Redstart {Setophaga ruticilla). After 
B., B. and R. 
Maryland Yellow-throat (Oeothlypia 
trichaa). After B., B and R. 
