536 
ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF OUR BIRDS. 
87. Centrophanes lapponicus (Linn.), Kaup. LAPLAND LONGSPUR. 
Group I. Class a. 
This species, like the last, is a winter resident, terrestrial, and often occurs in 
immense flocks in stubble and corn-fields in quest of weed seeds. 
Food: Each of six specimens examined had in their stomachs more than one 
hundred seeds of the pigeon-grass and black bind-weed. 
Seeds of grasses and berries (De Kay). Seeds of Alpine arbutus (Richardson). 
88. Centrophanes pictus (Sw.), Cab. PAINTED LARK BUNTING. 
Group I. Class a. 
A winter resident. Not common. Terrestrial and gregarious. Frequents 
cultivated fields in quest of seeds. 
89. Passerculus sandvicensis savana (Wils.), Ridg. COMMON SAVANNA 
SPARROW. Group I. Class a. 
A common migrant from the last of April to the middle of May, and again 
throughout September and the early part of October. They are especially fond 
of the marshy banks of streams and low pastures and meadows, but stubble 
and corn-fields are also visited by them, and occasionally they may be met with 
in hazel and willow patches. Nearly their whole time is spent upon the gi’ound. 
Food: Each of ten specimens examined had eaten small seeds; one had eaten 
one caterpillar, and one a moth. 
Beetles and seeds of grass (De Kay). Beetles and seeds (Samuels). 
90. POCESETES gramineus (Gm.), Bd. BAYAVINGED BUNTING; GRASS 
FINCH. Group I. Class b. 
A very abundant summer resident. Arrives early in April and remains until 
October. It spends most of its time upon the ground and feeds to some extent 
upon insects throughout the season. I estimate that fully one-third of its food 
consists of insects, and the remainder largely of seeds of noxious plants. The 
specimen mentioned below, which had eaten two kernels of wheat, and the one 
which had eaten a single kernel of rye, appear to have made an exceptional 
choice of food. Especial value attaches to the services of this species on account 
of its favorite haunts, which are cultivated fields, particularly the corn and 
grain fields. In these j)laces it breeds, and rears from two to three broods each 
season, placing the nest upon the ground, often in a hill of corn. 
Food: Of thirty-seven specimens examined, thirty-one had eaten various sjuall 
weed seeds; five, four grasshoppers; one, eight grasshoppers’ eggs; four, ,ten 
larvae; fourteen, twenty-seven small beetles; three, eight moths; one, three flies; 
one, three land snails fHelixJ; one, two kernels of wheat; and one, a kernel of 
rye. 
Insects and grass seeds (De Kay). Principally seeds of grasses and other plants 
and a few insects (Audubon). 
91. COTURNICULUS PASSERiNUS (WiLS.), Bp. YELLOW-WINGED SPARROW. 
Group I. Class a. 
In speaking of this species Dr. Brewer says: “ The common Yellow-’^dnged 
Sparrow appears to be a bird of irregular and unequal distribution, found in 
certain localities in great abundance and not seen in intervening districts.” It 
lias not been my fortune to meet with it in Wisconsin, but Dr. Hoy states that 
