86 
KED CKAG. 
uncertain whether the beds are in place. It should be remem¬ 
bered that the movement of the ice has been from east to west, 
and in the east of England there is often a considerable transport 
of loose deposits to the west. The following is taken from Mr. 
Whitaker’s account of these interesting outliers, which were first 
discovered during the Geological Survey of the district.'^ 
The most westerly traces of the Crag noticed were on the south 
of Thaxted, in a deep water-course half a mile south-south-east of 
the church. There Messrs. Whitaker and Penning found some 
small phosphatic nodules and a piece of phosphatized bone in a 
thin layer of gravel at the bottom of sand^ lying on London 
Clay; besides some larger phosphatic nodules on the surface 
further south, at the junction of the sand and clay.f Mr. Whitaker 
also found a piece of phosphatized bone in the flint-bed at the 
base of the sand resting on the Chalk, near Stoke. A mass 
of shells was said to have been found at one spot just above this 
flint-bed, and some that were preserved were the common shell 
at Sudbury, Purpura lapillus. 
At the north-east edge of Sudbury, by the side of a footpath 
running north-east from near the top of Suffolk Koad, two small 
chalk-pits (Webb’s) gave the best sections of the Crag visible in 
1873-5. The further of these showed the following beds :— 
Ked 
Crag 
Boulder Clay, at one spot, cutting down to the greensand of the Thanet 
Beds. 
Ferruginous sand, slightly false-bedded; in parts a light- 
coloured grit, with broken shells, unbroken specimens of 
Pur'pura lapillus, layers of ironstone, and at the bottom a 
firm bed of this material. A line of pebbles, &c. lies about 
2 feet from the bottom. Up to 6 feet thick. 
Layer of fiint-pebbles, phosphatic nodules, and flints, 3 to 12 
inches. 
Clayey greensand, with green-coated flints (base of Thanet Beds), to 
2 feet. 
Chalk. 
Other sections in the immediate neighbourhood are similar, the 
greatest thickness of Crag seen being about 10 feet. 
The following revised list of the fossils from the Crag at Sud¬ 
bury suffices to prove that the strata belong to the Red Crag, 
but does not show whether 
or lower division :— 
Littorina littorea. 
ISTassa reticosa, var. elongata. 
Natica, sp. 
Purpura lapillus, var. crispata. 
Trophon antiquus, var. contraria. 
Anomia ephippium. 
Cardium Parkinsoni. 
Mactra, sp. 
should be referred to the upper 
Modiola modiolus. 
Mya arenaria. 
Mytilus edulis. 
Panopeea ? 
Pecten opercularis. 
Tellina, sp. 
Balanus. 
* See also Geology of the N.W. part of Essex .... {Mem. Geological 
Survey') (1878), pp. 30 and 31, and Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xxx. p. 401. 
(1874.) 
f The elevation is about 230 feet, a much greater height than the Red Crag 
reaches elsewhere. 
