RED AND NORWICH CRAGS. 
109 
seams of clay, were bored through to about 10 feet beneath the 
water level, and gravel was reached, which the boring-tool could 
not pierce. 
In 1875-6 the pit had been cut further back into the hill, and 
I noted the following section, which seems to show the Pebbly 
Beds overlying the Chillesford Clay :— 
Soil - .... 
Valley Gravel . - . . 
Pebbly Series. Sand, with occasional seams of pebbles 
/I m r Bedded loamy brick-earth 
Chillesfoi-d Clay. I Clayey ditto . . . . 
^Brown sand, with a line of Tellina 8 inches 
down, and another at 1 foot 6 inches 
Sand full of upright Mija arena/ria 
Light brown sand with scattered shells - 
Shell bed, Astarte, Mactray Gyprina, &c., 
g,nd occasionally large unworn flints 
Band of blue clay - - - . 
Loamy brownish sand 
Hard brownish brick-earth with scattered 
shells ...... 
Sand - - - - . 
Chillesford Crag. «< 
Ft. In. 
1 0 
5 0 
4 0 
4 0 
6 0 
2 0 
0 5 
1 4 
0 2i 
0 Oh 
1 0 
2 0 
? 
One of the most marked peculiarities of the Aldeby pit is the 
constant occurrence there of bivalves in the position of life with 
the valves united. The absence of derivative fossils (except 
possibly Pectuncuhis) also makes it an important locality for 
deciding what was the true character of the contemporaneous 
hiuna of the Chillesford Crag. This opportunity has been fully 
used by Messrs. Crowfoot and Dowson, to whose researches we 
almost entirely owe our knowledge of the fossils. The list now 
includes 66 species of Mollusca, air-breathers being exceptionally 
scarce and only represented by two or three species. We have 
also traces of Deer, Elephant, Horse, and Vole, besides the 
Walrus {Tricliechus Huxleyi), the Dolphin {Delphinus delphis^ 
and the Guillemot ( Uria troile). A full list of the fossils will be 
found in the Appendix. 
Again on the southern side of the Waveney, Crag was met with 
in two wells at Beccles Waterworks. Here the surface was 
respectively at 107 and 110 feet above the sea-level, the wells 
both reaching the Chalk at a depth of 157 feet. The following 
section is condensed from the account communicated by Mr. 
W. M. Crowfoot,* who examined all the samples : — 
Well at Beccles Waiericorks (1870-1.) 
Soil .... 
Feet. 
1 
Chalky Boulder Clay - 
- 
- 
. 
- 
- 10| 
Middle Glacial Sands - 
- 
. 
. 
. 
- 17f 
Pebbly Series - - . 
- 
. 
- 
- 
- 33 
Chillesford Clay (loamy sands) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 15 
* Geolo^'y of the country around Norwich {Memoirs of the Geological Survey), 
p. 156 ; see also Proc. JVonvich Geol. Soc., vol. i. pp. 76-79. 
