RED AND NORWICH CRAGS. 
125 
Mr. Woodward’s description* is therefore here reproduced in 
full. The section is as follows :— 
Yery fine sand witli gravelly seam at base 
False-bedded ferruginous sand with pebbles of flint, 
quartz, &c. ------ 
Blue and brown mottled clay - - - - 
Sand with shells. Zone of Astarte borealis 
Seams of brown clay - - - - -"^ 
Sand with a few stones and shells sparingly (about 12 [ 
feet) ------ 
Seams of brown clay (6 ins.) - - - - f 
Shell-bed with seams of brown clay (about 6 feet) - | 
Bed of flints (1 foot) with Mya in natural position -J 
Feet. 
1 to 2 
2 
1 
2 
)> 20 or 21 
To Chalk with flints (about 2 feet above the river-level) about 27 
K. C. Taylor, who described the section in 1823, gave a 
thickness of 50 feet for the Crag, and mentioned three distinct 
beds with shells. Samuel Woodward gave the thickness as 60 
feet, and his account varied very mucli from Taylor s. Indeed 
every section taken at intervals must vary as tlie beds themselves 
are so changeable. I am entirely unable to agree therefore with 
the special correlation made with the beds at Chillesford and else¬ 
where. In a large way the beds correspond, but it is impossible 
to correlate minute divisions which change as the beds are worked 
away. 
‘‘ Bramerton has always been the chief collecting ground. 
Sowerby’s specimens were nearly all obtained from this locality ; 
so also were those enumerated by Mr. S. V. Wood in his Crag 
Mollusca. Tellina halthica therein recorded by him, has been 
subsequently regarded as an erroneous statement: it has never 
been met with by Mr. James Keeve during his exhaustive ex¬ 
amination of the beds. To Mr. Reeve indeed we are mainly 
indebted for our present knowledge of the Bramerton Crag fauna. 
“ A large mass of Chalk was found at the foot of the Cliff at 
Bramerton by the Rev. W. Foulger, perforated by the Pkolas 
crispata, 3 inches in diameter. Similar borings were also 
detected by the Rev. T. Clowes. 
Hydrobia subumbilicata have been found in some abundance in 
the lower bed on Bramerton Common by Mr. Reeve, but so far as 
I am aware all of the freshwater shells are very rare. Sections of 
the pit on Bramerton Common have been published by Mr. S. V. 
Wood, jun., in his Remarks in Explanation of Map (1865), Sec. 
24; and in conjunction with Mr. F. W. Hanner, in the Supple¬ 
ment to the Crag Mollusca, Sec. XVI. 
Shells were noticed further east, so far as the boundary with 
Surlingham parish, by J. W. Robberds; and by S. Woodward 
‘about 300 yards lower down the river by the side of a cottage. 
This would be about the spot where we now find the excavation 
* Geology of the Country around Norwich {Memoirs of the Geological Survey), 
pp. 82, 83. 
/ 
