1.48 
CROMER FOREST-BED. 
section, and suggested the name “ Westleton Beds ” for the higher 
portion of the Pre-glacial Series.^ 
In the Supplement to the Crag Mollusca by S. V. Wood, pub¬ 
lished in 1872, there is an introductory Outline on the Geology 
by Messrs. S. V. Wood, jun., and F. W. Harmer. Sections are 
given to support their view that the Bure Valley Beds ’’ overlie 
the “ Forest-bed,”—the Crag beneath it, mentioned by Lyell and 
other writers, not having been recognised by them. 
A paper by Mr, Henry Norton, only to be had as a reprint 
from the Norwich Mercury” of November 5th, 1877, questioned, 
for the first time in print, the evidence on which the trees in the 
‘‘ Forest-bed ” were stated to have been found rooted in the soil, 
and drew attention to the unsatisfactory nature of the evidence 
on which they were accepted as being in place. In the same 
year the present writer published a paper in which the Leda 
mycdis l^ed was separated from the Forest-bed, while reasons 
were brought forward to show that the latter was, not a land 
surface ; and in 1880 another short paper gave the classification 
adopted in this Memoir.f In 1880 Mr. J. H. Blake read an 
address before the Norwich Geological Society, in which he 
maintained the importance of the Bootlet Bed ” as an horizon, 
and expressed his opinion that it was the only bed showing 
evidence of a true land surface. 
In 1882 were published the Memoirs and Sections of the 
Geological Survey relating to the principal portion of the Forest- 
bed area. These included the '' Geology of the Country around 
Cromer,” in which the Forest-bed is fully described by the writer 
of these pages, and a sheet of Sections of the Norfolk cliffs, J on 
too small a scale to allow the Pliocene beds to be subdivided. 
Mr. E. T. Newtons memoir on the “ Vertebrata of the Forest-bed 
Series of Norfolk and Suffolk ” also appeared in the same year. 
A section of the “ Suffolk Cliffs at Kessingland and Pakefield, 
and at Corton”§ was published in 1884, and also an explanatory 
pamphlet .referring to the same area. In these Mr. Blake showed 
the ‘ rootlet-bed ’ alternating with laminated clays, which he 
referred to the Chillesford Clay, and overlying mammaliferous 
gravels considered to be equivalent to the Norwich Crag. 
During the present year (1890) a fuller Memoir appeared.! 
Since the appearance of the Memoirs, Mr. Newton and I have 
published a number of short papers announcing additions to the 
fauna and flora, or giving short descriptions of isolated sections ; 
the titles of these papers will be found in the Appendix. 
From the above outline it will be seen that our knowledge of 
the Forest-bed is of gradual growth, and even now such a 
* On the Structure of the Crag-Beds of Suffolk and Norfolk. Part III. The 
Norwich Crag and Westleton Beds.— Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xxvii., p. 452. 
t Geol. Mag., dec. II., vol. iv., p. 300, and vol. vii., p. 548. 
t Horizontal Sections, Sheet 127. 
§ Ibid., Sheet 128. 
II Geology of the country near Yarmouth and Lowestoft. {Memoirs of the 
Geological Survey.') 
