MAMMALIA. 
5 
Insectivora. 
Sorcx ( Fachyma ;) sp. 
Carnivora. 
Felis pardus. 
F. (a small species, perhaps F. bengalensis ). 
FLerpestes nipalensis. 
IT. griseus. 
Canis aureus. 
C. ( Cuon) rutilcms ? ' 
Kodentia. 
Cams ( Vulpes ) montams. 
Mnstela subhemachelana. 
Marries Jlavigula. 
I/utra , sp. 
TJrsus isabellinus. 
U. torquaius ( U. tibetanus). 
Fteromys inornatus. 
Scimvpterus fimbriatus. 
Ffesokia barclayana. 
Mus badrianus (M. theobaldi ). 
Mus homourus. 
Arvicola roylei. 
XJngtjlata. 
Sus, sp. 
Capra sibinca. 
C. falconeri (C. megaeeros ). 
Hemitragzis jemlaicus. 
Nemorhedus bubalinus. 
N. goral. 
Moschus moschiferus. 
Cervus casJmirianus. 
Arctomys caudatus is found on the Kashmir side of the Zanskar range, and Lepus ruficauda- 
tus is said to have occurred north of the Pir Panjal, hut neither can be fairly included in 
the Kashmir fauna. Capra sibirica, too, is confined to the ranges north of the valley. 
The fauna, it will he seen, is Himalayan, with an admixture of palsearctic and of a few 
truly Indian species, such as Herpestes griseus. 
II- Western Tibet? or Ladak- —This includes the valley of the Upper Indus east of 
Skardo, so far as the country belongs to Kashmir. It is an open question whether the fauna 
of Gilgit should he included in that of Western Tibet. There are several differences, and 
the occurrence of two species of Crieetus 1 in Gilgit shews a much closer connexion with the 
Central Asiatic fauna of Turkestan than is exhibited by the types of the Upper Indus valley. 
It appears, on the whole, best to omit the Gilgit forms, and with them to exclude Capra 
falconeri , an Afghan and Pir Panjal goat found in Gilgit and Skardo. With these omissions, 
the following is the list of mammals known to exist in Lad&k 1 2 3 :— 
Chiroptera. 
Plecotus auriius. 
Insectivora. 
Sorex ( Crooidwa) myoides. 
Carnivora. 
Felis mcia. 
F. isabellina. 
Canis laniger. 
C. niger 3 (perhaps only a melanoid variety of 
the preceding). 
Canis (Cuon) alpinus. 
C. ( Vulpes ) flavescens. 
Mustela erminea. 
M., sp. (a small species of a brown colour). 
lutra, sp. 
1 Eecently procured by Captain Biddulpb. 
2 I am indebted to Dr. H. Cayley, who was for a long time British Resident in Ladak, for correetions in the following list, and 
for some additions to it. Martes toufcea should probably be added, see p. 30. 
3 P. Z. S., 1874, p. 654, pi. LXXVIII. 
B 
