222 
Composite. 
321. Calendula. Marigold. XIX, 64. 
1. Lower Is spathulate, upper oblong-lanceolate. FIs orange- 
yellow.—Ornamental pis, sometimes subspontaneous. 6 
f officinalis L. 1231. 
— Ls all oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate. FIs yellow.— 
Fields; very rare and only accidentally and in a trans¬ 
ient manner (Bienne, Bale). 6 . *arvensis L. 1232. 
322. Echinops. Globe Thistle. XIX, 25. 
1. Stem 80—120 cm, 1-headed, or branched with gen. 1-headed 
branches. Heads large, globular.—Uncultivated ground, 
road-sides; W.; also sometimes accidentally. 7 
sph&rocephalus L. 1233. 
323. Cirsium. Fuller’s Thistle. XIX, 34. 
1. Ls rough on the upper face with small spines . 2 
— Ls glabr. or hairy above but not spiny . . 4 
2. Ls decurrent. Heads ovoid, 3 x /2 cm long.—b. nemorale 
Rchb. Ls very white and cottony underneath, with shorter 
and broader segments. Heads rather globular.—Road¬ 
sides, waste ground, woods; everywhere. 6 
lanceolatum Scop. 1234. 
— Ls not decurrent. Heads globular (up to 7 cm, the largest 
of the genus). Type of C. eriophorum L. . . 3 
3. Invol.-ls little, or scarcely, enlarged below the terminal 
spine. Heads gen. densely webbed, cottony.—Mount, and 
subalp.; not everywhere (wanting in U. Z. A.). 6 
eriophorum Scop. 1235. 
— Invol.-ls suddenly enlarged below the spiny point into 
an almost rounded, spathulate-concave, appendage pecti- 
nate-ciliate at the edges. Heads often less densely webbed. 
A poor species and inclined to approach the last.—Tess. 6 
spathulatum Gaud. 1236. 
4 (1). FIs, by suppression, partly dioecious. Pappus finally 
longer than the cor. Stem gen. branching from the base, 
terminating in a many-headed corymb. Rt-stock or rt. 
creeping at a great depth. — Fields and wood-clearings, 
a troublesome herb. 7 . . . arvense Scop. 1237. 
— FIs all hermaphrodite. Pappus shorter than the cor. 
Stem not branched in its lower portion . . & 
5. Stem crisp-winged up to the top on account of the 
entirely decurrent Is. Heads small, clustered. C. Chailleti 
Gaud, not Koch (forma putata). — Damp fields, marshes; 
everywhere. 7. palustre Scop. 1238. 
-— Ls not, or scarcely, decurrent .... 6* 
6. FIs red . . . . . . ... . 7 
