Coinpositre. 
225 
— Middle invol.-ls narrow at the base, narrowed insensibly, 
with a marginal nerve; dorsal nerve prolonged to the 
base. Heads isolated or in clusters of 2—3, sessile or 
peduncled, gen. rather larger than in the last.—Geneva! 6 
pycnocephalus Jacq. 1248. 
3. Middle invol.-ls broad, lanceolate, narrowed below the 
centre and folded back transversely. Heads large (4 cm 
and more broad), depressed-globular. Type of C. nutans 4 
— Middle invol.-ls narrower, linear, or linear-subulate, ap- 
pressed or arched outwards. Heads medium sized or 
small, ovoid ........ 5 
4. Heads solitary, drooping (rarely erect!). Upper part of 
the invol.-ls gradually and insensibly narrowed to a 
point.—Rubbish-heaps, road-sides; distrib. 7 
nutans L. 1249. 
— Heads solitary, erect, or in pairs and then one sessile, 
horizontal. Upper part of the invol.-ls broad even at the 
top, narrowed to a point in a slight curve.—Chur, Lower 
Engadine : Briigg. 7 . . platylepis Saut. ! 1250. 
5. Stem and branches terminating in a long peduncle, 
leafless and 1-headed. Ls gen. glabr. underneath.— 
b. crassifolius Willd. Gaud, (summanus Poll., Argemone 
Schl.) Ls slightly thickened, sea-green underneath, ciliate 
with weak spines. — c. rhceticus Dec. (carlinsefolius Gaud, 
not Lam., transalpinus Sut.) Ls deeply pinnatifid, with 
longer and stronger spines, segments and wings crisp ; in¬ 
vol.-ls more gradually narrowed into a small spine which 
is more distinct than in a. and b. — Stony slopes, es¬ 
pecially of the mount, and subalp.; distrib.; b. Tess., 
Simplon; c. Graub., Tess., Wall. 7 defloratus L. 1251. 
— Stem and branches with crisp wings up to, or almost 
up to, the heads; heads gen. clustered into a ball 6* 
6. Ls light green, firm, green underneath, pinnatifid or 
sinuate-pinnatifid, with numerous spines of a yellowish 
colour, 6—7 mm long and very piercing. Heads rather 
larger and less dense than in C. crispus.—Road-sides, 
rubbish-heaps; doubtful or at any rate very rare in 
Switz. 7. acanthoides L. 1252.*) 
— Ls with shorter and less, or scarcely, piercing spines 7 
7. Ls gen. all sinuate-pinnatifid, more or less webbed, 
gray- or white-tomentose underneath, rarely. —b. multi- 
floras Gaud, (polyantliemus Schl.) green. Bienn. pi. re- 
*> C. axillaris Gaud., which Dec. and Bert, connect with this species 
is a C. crispus-defloratus, judging at any rate by examples belonging to 
E. Thomas. In the same manner Q. acuminatus Gaud., which Koch con¬ 
nects with C. acanthoides, at least the specimens collected near Bex by 
E. Thomas. C. acanthoides E. Thom, (from the Simmenthal!) is probably 
a form of C. defloratus. 
