230 
Composite. 
— Barren marg. Us gen. present. Appendages lanceolate, 
long-subulate, spreading or gen. reflexed. Pappus */4 or 
Vs the length of the achene. Type of C. phrygia: species 
distinguished by the plumose invols, resembling a peri¬ 
wig !. 12 
12. Invol oblong. Appendages light (rarely dark) brown, 
not hiding the invol. (which makes it appear variegated), 
with rather distant fringes. Stem and Is glabr. or finely 
webbed. Stem ascending, slender, often branched from 
the base, 10—15 cm. Ls rather stiff, narrow, long, glabr. 
above. C. Moritziana Heg., austriaca Koch p. p.—Calc, 
rocks of mount, and subalp.; G. (Oberhalbstein, Filisur, 
Schmitten &c.), also by the lake of Como and in south¬ 
western Tyrol. 7 . . . . rhsetica Moritzi. 1279. 
— Invol. ovoid or almost globular. Appendages almost en¬ 
tirely hiding the invol., with close fringes. Stem and ls 
rather rough with short, jointed hairs . . 13 
18. Stem 10—30cm, almost always 1-headed. Ls oblong 
with base of equal breadth, truncate or almost auricled. 
Heads large. Appendages gen. light brown. C. phrygia 
Bchb. not L.—b. Thomasiana Grml. (ambigua Thom, not 
Guss., Ferdinandi Gren. ?) PI. smaller, more hairy; stem 
ascending, bearing as many as 4 heads; ls deeply sinuate 
(Simplon, Binnthal, Saas, Eringerthal).—Alp. G. T. W. 
V. U.nervosa Willd. 1280. 
— Stem 40—70 cm, often branchy. Ls oblong-elliptic, coarsely 
toothed, narrowed towards the base. Heads of medium 
size. Appendages black-brown as in C. nigra. C. austriaca 
Rchb. not Willd., phrygia Koch not L,*)—G. (Lower 
Engadine). 7 . . . pseudophrygia C. A. Mey. 1281. 
14 (6). Invol.-Is distinctly 5-nerved. Umbilicus glabr. Rad. ls 
gen. 2-pinnatipartite, with linear lobes. Type of C. pani- 
culata ......... 15 
— Invol.-ls without nerves or faintly nerved. Umbilicus 
bearded. Ls simply (rarely doubly) pinnatipartito, with 
narrower or broader lobes, sometimes also partially almost 
entire. Type of C. Scabiosa .... 17 
15. Invol. pale yellowish brown, about 8 mm long, oblong, 
narrowed at the base. Invol.-ls narrow, acuminate on 
account of the long, strong, almost spiny terminal 
fringe. C. polycephala Jord.!—Waste places; only near 
Nyon, if still there? 7.paniculata L. 1282. 
— Invol. distinctly larger, 10—15 mm, ovoid or ovoid-glo¬ 
bular, rounded at the base. Invol.-ls broader than in 
the last, less acuminate on account of the terminal 
fringe being shorter and weaker .... 16 
*) The true C. phrygia L. (austriaca Willd. and Koch p. p.) which is 
found in Bohemia, Silesia and Prussia is, otherwise, little different. 
