MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER; AN AGRICULTURAL ANU FAMILY JOURNAL. 
hnnif correctly. From cheap; superior to any tluug of the kind the com- 
MllW VV Alonzo Howland, Stillwater, Saratoga Co. niittee have over observed From H B N.\.sh 
— — -- ! Machine for Sawing Anavlar, Bevil and Cur- Edinburgh, Saratoga Co. Diii ’ ’ ' ' ’ 
REPORT ON IMPLESTFNTN! MAPmrf^v A. i An attachment for the Huh and Axle; “Fos- 
REPORT ON mPLEME^, MACHINERY, &c. ?fsc5.-A well constructed machine and performs its tor’s Patent.”—It appears to be simple and effoc- 
One of our assooiatos w^ik rhmrnmn nf great speed and certainty. From C. B. tive, with no extra friction, and excludes all foreign 
U^E 01 our aasocutAS wab chairman Ol Wright, of Roche.st^. Dip. substances. From Alfrkd E. S.mith, New York 
Comnuttee Jso. 1, on Non-enumerated Ar- „ ^^{f-sripporUng Truss frame, for extended Dip. 
-tides at the State Fair at Syracuse ami ware houses and other places, which can- Meneelfs Bells.-They do not need the prai.se 
ticies,at ineotatc l air at «yracuse—and not be suppoi-ted, and may be advantageously ap- of the committee-tbev alwavs speak for them- 
the Report not having been made at the F'f'l ‘o construction of bridges. It seems a selves —and his surveying and leveling instni- 
olo»e of the exhibit... foe want of toe, we Srr,/r 
are permitted by Col. Johnson, Secretary CuHenj, from the cate of the Society is awarded. A finely finished 
of the Sociotv, to give it in detail for the V r’I’clUycighing 287 lbs, keyed on letter A, with me 
1 . f „ ^ lor me ah respects, a.s to pattern and fiin.sh, to the import- following inscription: “Presented to General 
beneht of all illtore.sted. — Ed. R. ,N. ed articles, and of far superior temper and afforded Zachary Taylor, President of the United .c!f^teR 
From cheap; superior to any thing of the kind the com¬ 
mittee have ever observed. From H. B. Nash, 
Cur- Edinburgh, Saratoga Co. Dip. 
other An attachment for the Huh and Axle; “ Fos- 
msite tcr’s Patent.”—It appears to be simple and effec- 
C. B. tive, with no extra friction, and excludes all foreign 
substances. F’rom Alfrkd E. S.mith, New York. 
?nded Dip. j 
can- Mencely’s Bells .—They do not need the praise 
INTEEOSSTING EXPERIMENT. 
A VERY simple and beautiful expenment 
which we have frequently perfonned. Is 
that of illustrating the fact, that the lung's 
eliminate large quantities of carbonic acid 
gas, at each exjiiration. Let the reader take 
ARNOLD'S SASH LOCK. . . 
- eliminate large quantities of carbonic acid 
'J’he above engraving rejiresents a Win- g'tis, at each expiration. Let the reader take 
doiv Fastener invented by Mr. Wm. E. a wine glass of aqua calcis or lime wafer, 
Arnold, of this city, which not only fastens prepared by agitating a quantity of recent- 
bottle and decanting the 
---..W.. Ipaa ^-.rK’kW* • I- 11 J'i I T 1 A - • i tlio CJllUfU .ivctli lVllACt.lXVO . l T» AI X V C V OtOllCl lUi > IJX <1,1 UU Ultt 
C0OT77H-«ce No. Discretionary to the country and'entitlU irpublif pironagi— Y., &l?cr mIdaL various kinds of fa.steners %My corked in a bottle and decanting the 
ThrCoimnhter m ' Exhibited by D. West, of New York. Dip. and Patent Douhle Gage CYeris.—A useful article iiOM'in u.se, some of which are exceedingly saturated liquid. Then take a pipe stem or 
been able to fulfil their dufies ifthe pubife haTa A sZhif Machine which makes a good strong maC^'^ Trans'^i^^leport, Niag- ingenioiLS, xve know of none which recom- other tube, introduce it in the lime water, 
»:r,3cir'r“ •»'»• > ^Tr‘;;;e tS “,«■» '-f ff.v 
m »*0"<^i«con8nucted upon principles mechanically ^f a bolt of iron or bra.ss B and C, with a hqtiid. J he water, which before 
aniew io^e^'tavo'TSd S ^ ’’'"’S "“S F™ “"d -=«lori<«-S be- 
to their cla.s.s, although in their list, owing to the Also, a Botery Bewc/i f/oo/., a great convenience of a cylinder to another in which'LthU ^ "tto the sash, leaving but a small part of the comes turbid and milky from the union of 
carpenters and workers in tion aiid force applied by known results Srmhm thrce-fourths of an inch, the carbonic acid gas of the liing-s with the 
ev... , 0 ,, wit ZZrZ I USiV‘?S;,. A”"" ‘i-™. foxing a carbonate of iL. Con- 
exhibited at our great fairs, in mechanical hi-ien- Jk., New York. IMp. ’ ance of the great varieties 
non,s, and the great labor required to examine and Sahm Benton’s Reciprocating Buckets, for other vet introduced and is 
understand the coiLstniction and operation of com- drawing water from wells. It has some advan- the viwcillatinjr unsteady sr 
plicated machinery, this^ Committee recommend tagos over any other that the committee have ob- erto u.sed. It will be msef 
that hereafter the three Committees be confined to served. It is simple in its operations and very traction of wheel enrrin«-Q 
specific duties, as follows: effective. From L. B. Benton, of Penn Yan. ' cases wfit^frictionTnfth, 
No. 1, to ancles all metal: t^tzgerald’s Portable Grist mill.---li bodies are required. Ethib 
i>o. do part of wood and part metal; well and has been so often comme.ided, that this Albany Silver medn I 
No. . 1 , do all wood; committee think they cannot add to its reputation. ’_ 
which would simjdity their duties and prevent Weighing Scales .—Twenty Scales, consisting 
confusioii.^ of a Cattle and Hay WeighingMachine, Ilailroad, INDUSTRIAL EXHIBIT] 
In the Committee’s awards they have given the Wheat, Portable Platform and Counter Scales of - 
.Snf'iAtv’a uilvwi- innU.,! _ 
Society’s silver modal to the most meritorious I superior workmanship and nicety of adjustment. 
ficlcs. L. B. Langworthy, 
Joseph Slocum, 
Siyracuse, Sept. 14, 184!). 
A Chronometer Mantle Time Piece. _As a piece ^ niodal. 
of mechanism very creditable to the maker, with . P®*‘tablo Platform and Counter Scales, ombrac- 
ischronoiis hair spring, compensating balance, and seven varieties; all well and carefully made, 
all the frictional parts ie welled. Exhibited by Jas. so^ishivo and of great truthfulness, and ox- 
H. McClknthen, of lialdwinsville, N. Y. Din hibi'ed great perfection of action. From Hitch- 
A n _J.. 7 - 7 - r'I'J. . n/r-11 » *» .. ** Vx •r>__t_t'\' 1 m 
ley cannot add to its reputation. _Bieir liability to get oit of order. Not so t ] T 
’.es. — 1 wentv Scales, consisting f instance carbonate of lime Avas form- 
y Weighing Machine, Ilailroad! INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION OF NATIONS. one represented above, for Uic , ,. . 
’latforin and Counter Scales of - Simple rea.son that there IS no machinery to winch is neaily insoluble, 
ship and nicety of adjustment, “ The preliminary arramrements for the fixing or springs to bo renetved.— ^nd by forcing an additional quantity into 
SnnTc?soT''srirl®"Mff?; tritd of the industrial streng-th of Na- any thing of the perplexity the water and saturating the lime, it is con- 
Vucli, well finished, sffong and ^oiis Avhich stands for 1851 are, we are o/a bad fastener, Avill appreciate any mven- verted into the bicarbonate of lime, which 
URYF.E & Forsyth, of Roches- ^appy to announce, progTessing successful- promises an improvement.” dissolved by the water T'his h 
;.„d(;ou„t<„Sc.le.,«„,br.c- ciic ^ “'■<=. “‘''f P™ilietod on „ beautiful experiment; the materials cost 
; all well and carefully made, fias been depo.sited, the same principle-the force of gTavity— nothing and everv < 5 clionl hnv ic p f 
of great truthfulness and ex- IS now in the hands of trustees for the i . v ^ i j aotning, ana every school boy is competent 
hioifof action. From Hitch- objects intended. Mr. Lea, of Astley, W^or- complicated and expen- to perform it. ^ 
ichoster. Dip. and Trans. cestershire, formerly a laro-e manufacturer S^’^at popularity of this article, -- 
'.ed Carriatre SttriTttTs _Ano,,. i_. i . o , TTt, 0 , A--i,x_ 
with some v'aluable improvements over scales here¬ 
tofore used. Also Copying Presses, Sugar Mills, 
and Ware-house Trucks, well finished, strong and 
durable. From Duryf.e & Forsyth, of Roches- 
A Portable Cider Mill and Press, standing on a Rochester. Dip. and Trans. cestershire, formerly a laro-e manufacturer S^’^at popularity of this article, 
K.ddormi„stc; -a Um tosfacto. H giv„s, maybe infened 
to perform it. 
Electric Action of the Fluids. 
mg expectations. Exhibited by Nathan Chapin, 
of Syracuse. Dip. and Trans. 
and elasticity, with less expense and weight of training for the contest He has issued from the fact, that the manufacturer has saturated with water be suspended 
metal. The committee recommend it as a valua- addre.SS to them, in which ho calis their orders for nil that his Inme estnhlislmrent •* '“ F™® conductor of an electrical 
ble .mpravemeni. Silver D,ed.l. attention to the projected exhibition as a 7 P'S '■'i-ge estolibhmcnt machine, the water, when the machine k 
cha1„‘.tA^a.7ZL„7;',:;7 moansbywhichtioiadeof KlddenihiSe; »»■> '■> *0 5 'oar. . first worked, will drop _slowly ton it; but 
_ Pease’s Rotary Steam Engine.-TluH h an en-. W® improvement. Silver medal. attention to the projected exhibition as a r • w imgc Lsumiisi 
gme upon an entire new principle, having an end- ^ ^ “’"T for «’®fi«. &c-. with galvanized mo-ins Lx- whU.h iL . f l-j j • . furmsh for every day m the year. 
less continuous cylinder, without crank on dead '‘^d buckoLs, to prevent rusting. It works f ® trade ot Kiddermm.ster _ 
center—with elastic packing and very compact in ""o” ond easily. From L. Evans, F'ayettoville. . promoted — requests them to form > 
form. From its ability to perform more W'ork than Sfa/L—Six h.Tskp,f« linilp.d .cinlt nnri tia- a.. flommif.fooc raf +Un raao,, ..+ + 1 .,. :__i 
form. From its ability to perform more w'ork than . —Six baskets boiled Salt and six cones do. Committees of the men at the principal 
the common cylinder engine, with the same fuel, imitation of the Liverpool article. This is an linns, and endeavor to make some ininrnvp 
of which fact evidence was exhibited to the com- important experiment m substituting Anthracite nionls in fhoir cf..,alxx ^ ^ 
mittee, theythink ittobethegreatrfmV/erflfKm, .so coal for wood in boiling. It is a beautiful and pure Staple manufacture which 
long sought after. Exhibited by Geo. P. Strong, article. From Thos. Spencer, M. D., Syracuse. ”^^7 attention of foreigners to them 
of Rochester. Silver medal. ' ’ Dij). and Trans. ' — and offers the munificent nrize nf 100 
of Rochester. Silver medal. ' Dip. and Trans. ' —and offers the munificent prize of 100 
Bell Tehgraph, two cases, for public houses, . f bags of ground solar Salt, guineas for the man or set of men who mav 
&c., which cannot fail of answering the purpo.ses f®^ ta^l® us®—a very pure and superior invent a nexv nt-rinln o,,, a • x- ^ 
for which it wa.s intended, and is a very valmiblo article. From Alfred Cobb, Syracuse. Dip. • ^ article of any description, pro- 
jniprovemont. Exhibited by S. A. Hudson, of Trans. ' Vldcd it is done in Kidderminster, and 
Syracuse. Dij). Two ba.skets of common fine, and three bags adapted for general use.” 
A Machine for Dressing Mill Stones .—Simple gi’ound; a very good article from boiled Salt, 
in its construction, and appears to perform that “ud bast manufactured ground salt exhibited. By V\ e trust some of OUr ingenious invent- 
operation with facility and precision, which, if it Noi-ton, Syracuse. Dip. ‘ ors will comDCtc Avith John Bull anri hi'« 
succeeds, will save the health of thousands, who in One barrel of coarse solar Salt, transparent and lul and Ills 
the ordinary hand operation inhale the deadly par- l^eautifully chiystalizod; the best article in this line ^UTStOCratlC neighbors, at the great Fair at 
rides. ByE. W.HAZZARD, of Mainsburgh, Tioga submitted to the committee. From S. C. Brkw- London, in 1851. If OUr pin-makino- en- 
Uclos. ByE.W.HAZZARD, of Mainsburgh, Tioga submitted to the committee. From S. C. Brkw- London, in 1851. If OUr pin-makino- en- 
G)., Pehn. Dip. stkr, Geddos. Dip. . . _ t x 
Sarcophagus, or Metalie Coffins, three sizes._ Adams’ Pump Coupling, for joining lead pijie macllinc for cutting and sticking card 
There is something vorj- agreeable and antique in wooden stock; a simple and offbetivo contriv- teeth, tin plate makino- nail makinir Dm- 
t iGir txpj)earanc 6 —rendorcdunchaiig’Gablc by moist- Also au asyortmont of Ooe^s W^Tenches^ -i • i ^ ^ 
ure, by a vitreous glazing—a convenience in re- operate, and one of the best, if not the best power carpet loonies, repeating guns, 
moving friends and presoiwing their form and fea- Ormshy’s'Dial Plow Clevis, which lathes for turnino' la.sts and Fun stocks nnd 
tlires- nrifl n irrAnt cu^oniM^Tr _easilv ridnisf« fha nf r>,xA ^ tUOiVi*, cXXXU 
moving friends and presoi-ving their form and fea' 
tures, and a groat security against the desecration ' adjusts the depth of furrow and tlio width of ■ , i i ’ 
of the grave. Exhibited by Fish & Raymond of i Iuitow slice. Exhibited by Horace L. Emery. smiple and ethcient agncultural imiile- 
Now York. Silver medal Albany. Silver modal. ' ’ meiite, &c., &c., were exhibited in operation 
An Iron Water Wheel, which the exhibitors Cloth Shearing Machine, with a valuable im- • i , -Kl • l -i i • i 
claim as au improvement upon the French Tur- Pfovement in setting the shear blades, and their Idlgnt pos.SlDly induce that high, moral 
bine. It is highly recommended as combining all vibratory motion. Altogether a well made and people to admit that the Yankee Nation 
the advantages of percussion and reaction. Ex- desirable article. From L. Wilder, of Hoosick i i 
hibited by H. Van De'Water, of Homer, N. Y._ Falls. Dip. W'ero sowe-body. 
Dip. and Trans. Arnold’s Sash Fastener. —An, article of n-reat Thousands of Europeans have averv' in- 
(Jast InTtl Wnifiv n.VLtI fine: _:aI- _ 1 _ . _ •' 
hibited by H. Van De "Water, of Homer, N. Y.— 
Dip. and Trans. 
Cast lom Water and Gas Pipes .—Made with¬ 
out a core of any kind, by the centrifugal force of 
Arnold’s Sash Fastener. —An, article of great 
confused notion of us; or even 
Cylinder Glass, of largo sizes. An article of desired, and is simple and certain in its operations 
great brilliancy—transparent and of uniform level From D. S. Heffron, Whitesboro. Dip. 
surface; equal to the French article, for glass cases Mill Stone Dressing Machine .—A complicated 
len was taken prisoner to England, on his 
arrival at Portsmouth the school children 
Avhen the conductor becomes j^OAverfully 
electrified, it decends abundantly, and in the 
dark will exhibit the appearance of luminous 
rain. Let a small metalic bowl be suspended 
from the prime conductor of an electrical 
macllinc, and let it have a capillary' tube of 
a syphon form immersed in it; or let it have 
a capillary tube inserted in the bottom, the 
bore of the tube being so small that the 
water cannot escape from it by its own pres¬ 
sure. When the machine is put in operation, 
the particles of yvater becoming electrified, 
will repel each other, and immediately an 
abundant stream will issue from the tube; 
and, as the particles of water, after leaving 
the tube, still exercise reciprocal reqiuLsion, 
the stream will diverge in the form of a 
brush.— Sel. 
Minute Calcul.ations.— A queen bee 
will lay 200 eggs daily for fifty or sixty 
days. A single queen bee has been stated 
to produce 100,000 bees in a seiusoa A 
swarm of bees contains from 10,000 to 20,- 
000 in a natui^al state, and from 30,000 to 
40,000 in a hive. There are about 9000 
IMPROVED "WINDCW LOCK. celLs in a square foot of honey-comb 5000 
T.US Window Catch, k the to St’\|tool Aoto'cel." 
vention of A. M. Badger, one of the pro- female .spidei-s produce nearly 2,000 ego-s. 
prietors of the Rochester Novelty Mforks, 2,300 silk worms produce one pound of .silk; 
of this city. The dotted lines represent the yvoiild require 27,000 spidens, all fe- 
catch-arm inside, also a spring made of finely produce one pound of web. There 
tempered steel, which presses ao-ainst it - A pf^^^'^^ions of gnats in a 
Big .Gn.L.v L.U U I ..... ....f I ..’il' 200 OggS. A COW 
and picture frames. From A. Landgrafft&Sons, machine, of various movements and ingenious leave to SCO him; and the poor innocents window sa.sli, it IS cut out the Avidtli eats 100 Ib.s. of green food in every twentv- 
PMm^'^^ZTArh'kJinU ' i , Tjio committee are unable by in- took along turneps and cabbage leaves to thickness of the lock to receive it, plush four hoiins, and yields five quarts or 10 lbs 
I aimer (3c VO. s Artificial Legs .—Of simple and spection to decide its inents as opposed to other .. -r i . » . . - . „.;.i .it t i , t -n c^ucu« ui lu.s. 
scientific construction, imitating nature in all its machinery for the same purposes. From T. D. ” he would eat A better infonnatioil, 1"®' fi*-*^*^ ril the sash; B, is a phlte ^7 Every pound of cochineal coil- S 
motions and action, and is well worth the attention Burall, Geneva. Dip. ' undoubtedly, now prevails amoncr that peo- screwed On to the sash retainino-the catch '^0,000 insects boiled to-death; and ^ 
Uoi .Slia™ .LcC „p„.. boUFtota... ita„dap.ato toitowUl. 
a,. itoZS Utopia, existing only „„ paper. room enough for the catoh-boltancl spring dyes° Lewenho/k reckon'ed iV.OOO’S 
and the burnishing metallic, giving it great effect wringing process is perfect. From G. Goodei i exhibition of the perfection to which ® Dctwccn them; 0 represents lons in tlu; cornea (outer coat of the eye) of ’ 
Ser dT-'’ of R®®h- SFaciise. Dip. ’ .^ve have arrived in labor saving macliiiiery and D is the a butterfly, each one of which he thought, ^ 
WUder’s Patent Self-feeding Power Drill.- seem! gooVLtd acted welfanreasffw FrotnA ^vould have a good effect in opening thci! Pi’essing agaiiLst the back of it to keep possessed a crystalline len.s. /rhespringof ( 
G. Poole, Syracuse. Dip. ' cves, and scatterinfr their deliLsions Tim 1^’<fiways thriLst out into a notch cut in the '''O’gfis Olo of a gram; a jxmnd of 
/erenh«; surew to gieat advantage. A useful and Tin Plate Working Machine.— ^ , , . , window frame fn kpon tlm cocib in • h-Oll makes 50,000. The pound of steel I’ 
indispensable article for smiths shop.s and variofis and valuable improvements and of very superior g^oat European workshops undeniably excel . , lume, to keep the .sash m <iny posi- cost2d.; a sino-fo sprimr • go th-it 50 000 < 
Tw RyC.Z. Cutting. War- workmanship. From Royal W. YVilcox, B'erlin, US in producing many highly finished arti- ^wn desired, Cither by being locked up or produces £415. TheVtlmitic Ocean i! es- S 
Coons’ 'rocU DrUling Machine.—Thin is an clcs of art and luxury; but ill the go-ahead intermediate highth, and it timated at three miles, and the Pacific at ■ 
irticle of great ability, operating with ease and labor savincr machinerv'we are far in ad- i^^niediatcly locks itself; E, is a knob on the ienr miles deep. 
Tin Plate Working Machine.—Withmine new , x. o . auc 
and valuable improvements and of very superior g^^^t European workshops undeniably excel 
workmanship. From Royal W. YVilcox, Berlin, US in producing many hio-hly finished arti- 
saw. Uip. Conn. Dip! -^-® -x.yxx.j, mi.oiicu a,iu- - o -r - 
A Fire Engine, presented by the Neptune Com- Coons’ Rock Drilling Machine,—Thi^ is an luxury; but ill the go-ahead intermediate hlghth, and it 
^ P'®®® pt ^ork, article of great ability, operating with ease and labor saving machinery we are far in ad- “’^^^ediatcly locks itself; E, is a knob on the 
and from the fine order m which it was kept, the certainty-a very valuable instrument and worthy . t ad ^ . 
committee came to the conclusion that the mem- of general introduction. From M C Coons^ '3'nce of the Old World, andwe trust some ‘ Ibis knob piojccts Out 
hers of said Company were the hoys. Dip. Lansingburgh. Silver medal and Dip. 
■ Mortising Machine .—For mortis- Patent Metallic Hoop Fastenings —i 
mg hubs and round and inclined work, a first I with rivets, making a strong, secure, ar 
rate article. Exhibited by Geo. N. Stearns, of joint, and a great imjirovemont over the rivetinir 
i- , . PJ‘o®®ss- By Samuel Pratt, Boston, Mass. Sil- 
A Jnortising Machine, constructed on mechani- ver modal, 
cal princijiles and ojioratos well. By O. Cottle, Improved and new arrangement of Springs for 
C-"". ‘uoJol of cars fo!- tifrning 
- e" tutting Manhine.—'lhisi is a curves, which the committee think ver\- favorablv 
machine of ^at power; well got up and a capital of, and is worthy of introduction. “ J. F. Roger’s 
art cle. By W. Rack & Co., of Seneca Falls. Patent.” From Jason Smith. Trov. ^ 
introduction. From M. C. Coons, wm vxunu, anawe^irusi some . , - — Rkvoivinp Rn.in SrmAx.r^» MvUU.L.. i 
combined action will be exerted to keep our f plate through the opening, to draw Randall, of Edraeston, N. Y. has invented J 
making a^'stron'^, TS, an^smoITth kicking the beam, and window to be a new Road Scraper, which revoh es on an 
great improvement over the riveting if nothing else is exhibited—a tall specimen This in.strumeiit op- axis, and is retained firmly between the arms 
Samuel Pratt, Boston, Mass. Sil- Yankee. . correctly, is simple and durable in its or brakes, while scraping^! but when it Ls full f 
and new arrangement of Springs for - -_ ’ construction, and of eiusy application to tfic ^ ^P sAgAtly ;; 
ars, and model of cars for turning a _ x- xx r.., sash. elevating the arms, the scraper revolves, j 
;h tho committee think very favorably y^ooN Without A King Bolt.— The -_• throwing-out the mud and allowino-the scoop ^ 
irthv of introdiictinn “ f V I? Amcncaii Artizaii gives the followino- de- - — ■ - . c . i / 
» , rx. XVAUK a:, wo., 01 seuecaJ- alls. Patent.” From Ja.son Smith, Trov. 
I ortahleHand-power Cider iUiZZ, on the grator Radial Die Scrcio /YaZe.—Easily adjusted to 
I *■ combined.-A neat affair, all sizes, and an improvement that cannot fail to 
) asm ,.11 scale. I'rom H. B. Hoyt, of Auburn, come into general use. From J. G. Northrui* 
Impr,-. V R Sash and Frame.-A very Svracuse. Silver medal. i^ouTHRui, 
—iplc and .-toLabi' improvement, rendering great ' nimh _r :_. 
') a smiill scale. 
.y: i.ab ■ improvement, rendering great 
in |t.-; aociirity and certainty of action, 
mxl out, and for comjiletcly ox 
vT ),ANDL 
C M-dUi 
'iSuHofSc-xcofll' 
B Brw 
Wire-wove Cloth arid Screening, of iron and connect the jiarts together is dispensed Avith 
P®®®*" Mills, Flour Dii.sters, Fanning j —so that the ^xle is not Aveakeiied by the 
T-b.e eoiinl 
paste. This composition has been used to Measures have been taken to secure 
coat brick walls. It becomes ven^ hard. patent.—>S' ch;»7z/jc American. 
