MOORE’S RURAL ATAV-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY JOURNAL. 
ANOTHER RAT STORY. 
“ Ilow^now ! a rat? Dead for a ducat!”— Hamlet. 
Mr. Moore : — In your last you gave au 
amusing story, illustrating the peculiar in¬ 
stinct and cunning of the Rat; a quahty I 
am willing to admit no animal possesses in 
a superior degree, except the Elephant, in 
Avhich opinion I think your correspondent 
will agree with me, if he has ever observed 
that sagacious animal. 11 he has never 
“seen the Elephant,” let him cross the 
Rocky Mountains to California and back by 
the Isthmus, where I have been, and he 
will see him to his hearts content,— tusks, 
trunk, toil, and all. But to my story: 
Some years ago, I Avas in company with 
five or six others, Avho Avere taking a sleigh 
ride from Albany to the Springs. After 
passing the MohaAvk River a short distance, 
at a farm house on the road side, avc suav 
a rope stretched betAveen tAvo trees, and 
to it, tied by one leg, Avas about 130 rats of 
all ages, colors, sizes, sexes and conditions. 
There was the old gray-headed patriarch 
-^the tAvelve eiders and their progeny, 
to the third and fourth generation. 
This singular exhibition, induced us to 
stop and inquire the modus operandi of 
this gTcat onslaught Avhich Ave learned Avas 
this:— The OAvner of the farm had built 
him a ucav barn, rat proof as he supposed. 
A day or tAvo before Ave passed, he had 
prepared for threshing out a moAV of lye, 
Avhen, to his utter astonishment he found 
it entirely spoiled by the vermin, and not 
Avorth the labor of the attempt. He tlien 
searched for the place Avhere they entered, 
and found a hole eaten through the board¬ 
ing, Avhere a feed trough, under a shed, join¬ 
ed the barn. He then nailed the mouth 
of a bag around the hole, and set a boy to 
hold it close, let all go in, but none come out, 
and shutting the doors and throAAung the 
rye on the floor. The rats receded through 
their covert Avays into the trap, till Avith 
what they killed inside, he had bagged over 
130 of these animals. 
As wary and cunning as they are, they 
slipped up that time; and I doubt if any 
of your readers, can match my Rat Story 
and its successful denouement av. o. 
Broclcport, Jan., 1850. 
agriculturaii colleoes. 
Here is the turning point as to the utility 
or uselessness of AgricidturalFmrs; Do they 
induce Farmers to Think ? If not, all the 
mere sight-seeing, and even the lecturing 
and speech-making, are of little Avorth. It 
is not Avhat he learns at a Fair that is im¬ 
portant, but AAdiat he is induced to study 
and master at home. An agricultural trea¬ 
tise, though ever so correct and pertinent, 
may as often set him AATong as right if 
if he knows nothing and learns nothing out¬ 
side of it. It may tell him hoAV lime, plas¬ 
ter, ashes, salt, bone-dust, or something else, 
has been used with great profit by men Avlio 
kneAv Avhat they Avere about, but cannot as¬ 
sure him that he can do likeAvise unless he 
also knoAvs his AA-hole business. Every year 
sees enough labor absolutely Avasted by bad 
farming, to construct a railroad to the Pa¬ 
cific, and yet “a little learning” SAvalloAA^ed 
AATong end foremost, may aggravate the evil 
rather than mitigate it. Hence the demand 
for a State Agricultural College— a Nor¬ 
mal School of Agriculture—to which (t\- 
ery Assembly District should be authorised 
to send one pupil, the second another, and 
soon until .four or more pupils should be 
admitted from each District to study and 
AAtork three years, paying their own AA'ay, 
and graduating, qualified not only to farm 
thoroughly, but to counsel and instruct their 
less favored neighbors. By pursuing this 
plan, the College may be made a universal 
blessing. 
It is sad to see so many blank, unintel¬ 
lectual faces among the folloAvers of so no¬ 
ble a vocation as that of farming. A daily 
observation of the clouds, Avinds, tempera¬ 
ture, and other phenomena of Nature, to 
say nothing of the marvels of Chemistry 
and the mysteries of germination and groAvth, 
ought to render the broAvnest face radiant 
Avith intelligence—Avith soul. Is it not oft- 
ener far othenvise ? 
A change must and shall come. Among 
the means of producing it are Agricultural 
Books, Periodicals, Fan’s and Colleges.— 
Let us have the benefit of them all.— A\ 
Y. Tribune. 
_ . r' 
Keep your St-Ables Cle.an.— Cleanli¬ 
ness in the stables and yards is as essenti.d 
to the health, comfort and thrift of your 
stock as to yourselves, children and servants. 
Standing in cold, muddy yards, and lying 
doAvn in the filth of stables, especially du- 
ing severe Aveather, is a direct loss of food 
and condition. If dry and Avarm in cold 
Aveather, animals aauII thrive better on one 
half their accustomed food, than AAith all, if 
these conditions are neglected. 
THE HOP PLANT. 
The Hop [If umulus lupulus) belongs to 
the class Dioecia —L e. .some_^ of iliejndi- 
viduals are male plants, and others female, 
Avhich haA'e respectively floAvei’s of a differ¬ 
ent construction, and different habitudes. 
The accompanying engraving I’epresents 
both pistillate and staminate plants. Lettei' 
a shoAvs the male, or stominiferous floAvers, 
Avhich prepare pollen or fertilizing dust, and 
afterAvards Avither away, Avhen this dust has 
escaped from the anthers, and been commit¬ 
ted to the ail’, to be by it coiiA'eyed to the 
female .floAvei’s. The female, or pistillate 
floAver, (letter b) is the part gathered for 
market. It is in the form of a cone, con¬ 
sisting of scalps, Avhich have at their base 
the germ of the future seed. 
An English periodical gives the folloAving 
histoi’}’ of the hop plant: 
“ It Avas introduced into England from 
Artois about the year 1520, or from thence 
to 1525, but Avas at first only culti\’ated in 
a feAv gardens in the south of England.— 
Subsequently, it Avas more extensively prop¬ 
agated, so as to become mentioned in the 
Englisli statues in the 5th of EdAvard VI. 
(1552,) but AA'e find no definable price of it 
until 1556, Avhen it is recorded at £1 Gs. 
8 d. per CAvt. Year after year its cultRation 
continued to increase, so that in the year 
1578 a Avork aa'us published on its culture 
and mode of management. Thus spread¬ 
ing in groAvth, it did not escape the prying 
eye of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, 
for it Avas taxed and put under the ban of 
the excise in the 3 ’ear 1603. During the 
centur}’-succeeding, the groAvth AV’asless ex¬ 
tensive than the consumption, and in con¬ 
sequence considerable quantities continued 
to be annually iihported from the Ioav 
countries. It Avas about the year 1693 that 
the cultivation of this plant became Avell 
estoblished in Kent, and about the com¬ 
mencement of the 18th century it began 
to be propagated in the county of Notting¬ 
ham. In the 9th Anne (1710,) the impor¬ 
tations became so excessive, and the liome 
growth so nearly equivalent to pur home 
consumption, that a duty was imposed up¬ 
on all hops imported, amounting to 3d. per 
lb., Avhich amounted nearly to a prohibition; 
and in the folloAving year (1713.) the first 
year’s duty upon English grown hops Avas 
published, amounting to £43,437 16s. Id. 
From l7ll, the duty remained stationai’y 
until the 7th George the Second, A\dien a 
duty of Id. per pound (9s. 4d. per CAvt) aauis 
levied on all hops groAAui in England, and 
afterAvards three five per cents. Avere added, 
deducting ten per cent alloAvance for bag¬ 
ging cloth. The total duty levied then Avas 
10s. 8 fd., Avhich is the amount of the bet¬ 
ting duty up to the present time. Thus 
the duty remained until the year 1802, 
Avhqn, on the 30th of April, a neAv duty, 
amounting to 1-J-d. per lb. Avasimposed:but 
this, in addition to the previous impost, Avas 
found to be oppressive, so much so, that on 
the 10 th of July, 1805, one half-penny per 
lb. Avas reduced, thus lea\’ing the neAv duty, 
Avith a deduction of the 10 per cent alloAV- 
ance, at 7s. ll-^d. 72, making an aggi’ogate 
of the old and neAV duty of 18s. 8 d. per 
CAvt In 1840 a further impost of 5 per 
cent Avas added, making the duty noAv 
actually payable amount to 19s. 7d. 6-20 
per cwt”' 
CUTTING FEED FOR STOCK. 
Mr. Editor:— Your correspondent, \V., 
inquires, Avhat are the benefits to be derived 
from cutting feed for stock ? I Avould say, 
Isk it can be measured more accurately, 
giving every one his portion in due season. 
2d. It is mixed to perfection, if desired. 3d. 
As horses and milch coavs must haAto some 
grain, their Avhole mess is SAveetened, while 
they receive their grmn in the most proper 
manner. 4th. The Avater, necessary to unite 
the particles of grain Avith the feed, softens 
the same, making easier mastication. Corn- 
fodder cut and mixed Avith shorts or meal, 
goes off Avell, nor do the long stalks bother 
in forking over the manure heap. Your 
horse, by being fed in this sj^stematic Avay 
Avith chopped feed, is fit for immediate ser- 
A-ice; you knoAV Avhat he has had, and Avhat 
he can do. Groat errors haA'e been com¬ 
mitted, by feeding out hay and solid grain 
at random, Avhen 3 'our horses are foundered 
by yourselves, although it has been charged 
upon the smith; Avhile many of our faA’orite 
dishes arc made better and more palatable, 
by the use of the chopping knife.— Boston 
Cultivator. 
For Costiveness or loss of appetite, 
sulphur is a good remedy, given in a light 
mess, for SAvine*. 
O.RAITD BANQUET TO THE POTATO. 
This highly respectable vegetable, the 
Potato, being noAV, it is hoped thoroughly 
re-established in health, it Avas determined 
by a fcAV leading members of the Vegeta¬ 
ble Kingdom to offer a banquet to the Avor- 
thy and convalescent root on its happy re¬ 
covery. The arrangements for the dinner 
Avere on a scale of great liberality, and the 
guests included all the principal vegeta¬ 
bles. The inA’itations had been carried out 
b^' an efficient corps of iScarlet Runners, 
and the Onion occupied the chair. He aauis 
supported on his right by the head of the 
Asparagus family, Avhile Salad occupied a 
boAvl at the other end of the table, and Avas 
dressed in his usual manner. The Potato, 
though just out of his bed, Avas looking re- 
markablj" Avell, and Avore his jacket there 
being nothing to mark his recent illness, 
except, perhaps a little apparent blackness 
around one of his ej’cs. After the cloth 
had been removed,— 
'{’he Onion got up to propose as a toast 
“Potato, theii;*much re.spected guest”— 
i (liumerise cheering.) He, the Onion, had 
I knoAA'nthe Potato from infancy; and, though 
they had not ahvaj’S been associated in life, 
, they had frequentl}^ met at the same table, 
'fhey had sometimes braA'cd together the 
sami; broils, and had found themselves to¬ 
gether in such a stCAV (he alluded to the 
Irish stcAv) as had brought them, for the 
lime being, into an alliance of the closest 
kind. He, the Onion, Avas delighted to 
see the Potato once more restored to his 
place in Society, for he,- the Onion, could 
say, Avithout flatter}^ that society had en¬ 
deavored to supply the place of the Potato 
in vain, (Hear, hear.) 'They had heard 
of Rice having been suggested to take the 
place of his hon. friend, but the suggestion 
Avas really ridiculous. Jiisum teneatis am- 
ict, Avas all that he, the Onion, had to 
say to that (Loud laughter, in Avhich all 
but the Melon joined.) He, the Onion, 
Avould not detain them longer, but AA’ould 
concludeTiy proposing health, long life, and 
prosperity to the Potato. 
'Ihe toast Avas received Avith enthusiasm 
by all but the cucumber; Avhose coolness 
seemed to excite much disgust among his 
brother vegetables. 'I’lie Onion had, in fact, 
affected those present to tears, and the Cel- 
lei’)', AA’lio sat next to the Horseradish, hung 
doAvn his head in agony of sensibility.— 
When the cheering had partially subsided, 
the Potato rose, but that Avas only a signal 
for rencAved enthusiasm; and it Avas some 
minutes before silence Avas restored. At 
length the Potato spoke nearly as follows: 
“Friends and felloAV A'egetables — It is 
Avith difficult}' I express the feelings Avith 
Avhich I have come here to-da}'. Having 
suffered for tlie last three or four years from 
a grieA’ous disease Avhich seemed to threat¬ 
en me Avith total dissolution, it is Avith in¬ 
tense satisfaction I find myself once more 
among you in the A'igorof health. (Cheers.) 
I should be indeed insensible to kindness, 
Avere I to forget the anxious inquiries that 
have been made as to the state of my health 
by those Avho have held me in esteem, and 
sometimes in a steam. (A laugh in Avhicli 
all but the Melon joined.) I cannot boast 
of a long line of ancestors. I did not, like 
some of you, come in Avith the Conqueror, 
but I came in the train of civilization, amidst 
the memorable luggage of Sir Walter Ra¬ 
leigh, in company Avith my right honorable 
friend the 'lobacco, Avho is not noAv present, 
but who often helps the philosopher to take 
a bird’s eye vieAv of some of the finest sub¬ 
jects for reflection. (Immense cheering, and 
a nod of assent from the Turnip Top.)— 
'Though I ma\' be a forei^er, I may justly 
say that I have taken root in the soil, and 
though I may not have the grace of the 
Cucumber, avIio seems to have come here 
in no enviable frame, (loud cheering,) I be¬ 
lieve I have done :is much good as any liv¬ 
ing vegetable; for, though almost ahvaj^s at 
the rich man’s table, I am seldom absent 
from the poor man’s humble board.” ('Tre- 
menduous applause.) “But, ’’continued the 
Potato, “ Let me not get floAvei'AU or mealy 
mouthed, for there is something objection¬ 
able in each extreme. I have undergone 
many vicissitudes in the course of m\^ exis¬ 
tence. I have been served up, ay, and 
seiwed out (a smile) in all sorts of Avay.— 
I have been basted by othei’s; and I have 
had my jacket rudely torn oft' my back by 
many Avho knCAV not the treatment I deser¬ 
ved. But this meeting, my friends, repays 
for all. Excuse me if mv' ej'es are Avatei’y. 
(Sensation.) I am not vei’y thin skinned; 
but I feel deeply penetrated by your kind¬ 
ness this day.” 
'The Potato resumed his seat amid the 
most tumultuous cheering, Avhich lasted for 
a considerable time.— London Pun^i. 
Worth Remembering. — It is not AA'hat 
Ave earn, but Avhat Ave save, that makes us 
rich. It is not Avhat Ave eat, but Avhat Ave 
digest, that makes us fat. It is not Avhat 
Ave read, but Avhat avc remember, that makes 
us learned. All this is verj' simple, but it 
is AA'orth remembering. 
It is the opinion of some eminent chem¬ 
ists that, Aveight for Aveight, barlej' is near¬ 
ly as exhausting as Avheat, tis it contains 
quite as much inorganic material, and dif¬ 
fers only in its oi’ganic composition. 
THE APPLE FAILURE. 
Ed. Neaa'-Yorker: — To me, rather a 
novel idea was advanced in your first num¬ 
ber, on the failure of the apple crop — sug¬ 
gesting the cause to be the same that pro¬ 
duces cholera. 'That there is a physiologi¬ 
cal correspondence betAveen the animal and 
vegetable kingdoms none Avill deny; yet there 
is such a di.sparity betAveen them, that the 
one might be taken for the antipodes of the 
other. Such gases as are injurious to the 
animal are beneficial to the vegetable.— 
Yet notAvithstanding, it requires no great 
mental effort to comprehend or imagine one 
that AA'Ould be injurious to both. 
In our particular locality (OsAvego Coun¬ 
ty,) there were other causes of failure AA'hich 
Avere fully equal to the effect produced.— 
Ljist Avinter, in this section of country, Ave 
had a storm of sleet that formed a thick 
crust of ice on the trees, which, by the 
change Averc frozen hard. A high AA-ind suc¬ 
ceeded, AA'hich, (except in protected loca¬ 
tions,) broke the. paper bark of the small 
limbs, alloAving the sap to evaporate, and 
cause the fruit to drop. 
Again; Ave had an early spring; nature 
had got nearly dressed up for summer Avhen 
Ave had a seA'ere frost, Avhich so crisped the 
leaves that some trees did not gain a healthy 
appearance until the fall rains. Another 
cause, I think, Avas long continued and se¬ 
vere .drouth, Avith extreme hot Aveather.— 
In old, uncultivated trees, the dense mass of 
limbs fomi a protection agjiinst Avind, Avhen 
covered AA'ith ice. They are the last to veg¬ 
etate in spring, consequently more secure 
from late frost, the roots extend deeper and 
the fruit is better shaded — consequentl}' 
they are better prepared than 3 'oung’ and 
cultivated trees, to witlistand drouth and 
extreme hot Aveather. 
Archibald Stone. 
Hinmanville, Jan. 3d, 1850. 
We think our correspondent’s reasoning 
is hardly sufficient to account for the failure, 
even in his OAvn region,— at least, so far as 
extreme cold aa'RS the agent, as the trees 
blossomed full, as we are advised, aa'IucIi they 
would not have done, if they had been in¬ 
jured in the Avinter.— Ed. 
FARMERS’ DWELLINGS. 
We need a great improvement in this re¬ 
spect—^Ave need a distinctive Bttral style 0 / 
building —comfort and coiiA'enience com¬ 
bined AAith neat and simple elegance. Noth¬ 
ing expensive, gaudy or obtrusive, but grace¬ 
ful in form, chaste in ornament, Avith quiet, 
neutral colors SAveetly blending Avith the 
surrounding green, all breathing an air of 
peaceful, calm repose on Avhich the eye may 
rest Avith pleasure. I Avould gladly enlarge 
upon this, did time permit The house should < 
not only be sheltered but adorned AA'ith trees 
—none more beautiful than those of our 
OAvn forests. 
A feAv choice fi’uit trees of various kinds, 
Avith grapes and smaller fruits Avhich need 
but little care, Avith floAvering shrubs and 
ornamental climbers should be there. None 
of the adornments of beauty are more grace¬ 
ful or attractive than fragrant and blooming 
A'ines around the rustic porch. And—let 
there be a garden too, it need not be a large 
one—not the unsightly patch of neglected 
earth sometimes .so miscalled, intended for 
potatoes and cabbages, but filled Avith bur¬ 
dock and nettles, but a neatly arranged plat 
for shrubs and floAvei’s, laid" out AAdth tfiste 
and kept Avith cai’e— cultivate a taste for 
floAA'ers, and teach your children to love 
them. In doing so, j'ou giA'e them neAv 
sources of pleasure—neAv facilities for en¬ 
joyment. And do not deem the time they 
bestOAV upon them, lost time; it is Avell 
bestOAved, and will yield a rich return in 
pure and simple joy, and the cheerful love 
of home.— Addre.ss of 2\ D. Burral, before 
the Ontario Ag. Society. 
Profit in Pears. — In the fall of-1848, ! 
Mr. Jjhn Washburn, of Plymouth, bought ■ 
tAvo dAvarf pear trees, (on quince stocks,) at 
^1,25 each. Ho set them that fall, and in 
less than a year from planting the trees, he 
took a dozen pears from them, and exhibi-' 
ted them at the annual sIioav of the Mass. 
Horticultural Society, for Avhich he received 
a premium of ^^6, and he sold the peat’s for 
63 — making a chA'idond of $9 on the small 
iiiA'c-stment of only $2,50. The pleiisure ! 
and reputation of so successful cultivation ‘ 
Avill pay ten times the trouble. 'The varie¬ 
ty AA'Jis the Louise Bon de Jersey.— Yeic 
Ftiglaud Farmer. 
Large Geranium.— A noted groAver of! 
geraniums, Avho lives near Portsmouth, Eng- I 
land, is said to possess a geranium Avhich 
measures tAvelve feet round, and Avhich has 
yielded, during the past seiison, 715 branch¬ 
es of blossoms. 
LOW HEADED FRUIT TREES AND ATMOS¬ 
PHERIC CHANGES. 
An article in your hast (August) number 
from “A Pennsylvania Subscriber,” on the 
management of fruit trees, has induced me 
to arrange a fcAv ideas in some kind of or¬ 
der for a page or tAvo of your magazine.— 
Some articles by Prof. Turner upon the 
same subject haA’e been very valuable.— 
The more of such Ave have the better. Let 
us have all the light and truth possible upon 
the subject. 
I have long been trying to convince fruit 
groAvers that it Avas much better to grow 
fruit trees Avith heads and branches near the 
ground, than to have them branching high 
over head, and this for various reasons.— 
1st. The sun, Avhich is, perhaps, in our hot 
and di’ 3 ' summers,- the cause of more dis¬ 
ease and destruction in* fruit trees than all 
other diseases together, is kept from almost 
literally scalding the sap, as it does in long, 
naked trunks and limbs. The limbs and 
leaves of a tree should ahvaA'S effectualy 
shade the trunk and keep it cool. 'The leaves, 
only, should have plenty of sun and light; 
they can bear ajid profit by it. If trees 
AA’ere suft'ered to branch out Ioav, say Avithin 
one or tAvo feet of the ground, Ave should 
hear much less of “ fire blight,”—“frozen 
vSap-blight,’’ black spots, and the hke. 2d. 
'The ground is looser, moistcr, and cooler, 
under a Ioav branching tree than under a 
high one. Grass and Aveeds do not grow a 
hundredth part so rank and readily, and 
mulching becomes unnecessary. 3d. 'The 
AAind has not half the poAver to rack, and 
tAvist, and break the tree, and shake off the 
fruit; a matter of no inccns'derable conse¬ 
quence. 4th. 'The trees aa IU be much lon¬ 
ger lived and more prolific, beautiful, and 
profitable. 5th. 'The trees are more easily 
rid of destructive insects, the fruit is much 
less damaged by falling, and the facilities 
for gathering it are much greater; there is 
less danger in climbing, and le.ss of break¬ 
ing limbs. 6 th. 'The trees require less pru¬ 
ning and scraping, and washing; and the 
roots ai’e protected from the ploAV, Avhich 
is too often made to tear and mutilate them. 
Noav these seem to me indisputable facts, 
sufficient to silence all objections. But the 
farmer says he must head his trees out of 
the AA'ay of his cattle, so that the boy can 
: ride the horse to ploAv under them; for he 
must luiA'e all the ground planted with 
' something. If you cannot afford the tree a 
fcAv feet of groimd and good care and culti¬ 
vation, then cut it doAvn and bum it If a 
tree is Avorth groAvang, it is Avorth proper 
care and culture. Any sensible man must 
! be convinced of this. It is a poor business, 
; this pruning so close and high in order to 
plow and phuit under the tree. Niu’sery- 
men are greatly to blame for so much high 
pruning and forming the heads of the trees 
so high when young. 'They are many times, 
more than half spoiled. An apple or cher¬ 
ry tree is nearl}' tAvice as valuable for shoot¬ 
ing out Ioav, near the ground, especially on 
the south Avest sides. 
That scourge of the pern’ tree, of which 
Ave hear so much, AA’ould be much less prev¬ 
alent, if the trunk and limbs Avere kept Ioav, 
and Avell shaded by theii' foliage. Let any¬ 
body, AA'hose trees are subject to “ fire-blight” 
(or rather as it should be called, sun-scaldf) 
try the experiment and see. It is OAving to 
the hot blazing sun, for 'weeks and months 
together, Avith scarcely a cloudy day, Avith 
five or seven days in succession in Avhich 
the thermometer rises to 90 ® or 100 ° or 
more in the shade, and Avould shoAA', if sus¬ 
pended in the sun upon the bark of a tree 
from 125'^ to 150°. Such scalding is 
enough to make tropical trees exude their 
gums and resins, and e)iough to shoAv the 
absolute necessity of protecting the trunks 
of trees from such injurious effects. Let 
any one set out tAvo trees which branch out, 
say six feet high; let one of them lean A^ery 
considerably to the nonh, and tlie other as 
much to the south, so that the bodj' shall 
be Avell shaded, and see Avhich will gTOAv the 
fastest (having equal advantages of light, 
soil, moisture, (tc.,) and be the longest liv¬ 
ed and most fniitful. A fetv observ’ations 
and experiments of this kind, Avill convince 
any one that limbs and leaves are A’aluable 
for shade asAA'ell as other purposes: and that 
Ioav headed trees are much better than high 
in most cases. If Prof Turner Avill limb 
his cherry trees out very near the ground, 
he Avill not be so much "t^ubled Avith gum 
' oozings, bark-bindings, and crackinL''^. — 
Downing's Horticulturist. 
H.ardiness of the B’JCKTHORN.— A 
hedge of three year old plants Avas set out 
last year, four hundred feet long. It Avas 
done quite late in the season, most of the 
trees having already made shoots four or 
five inches long. They were cut doAA'n to 
Avithin tAvo or three inches of the ground, 
and although the roots Avere not rnudded, 
scarcely one in a hundred failed to grOAV.— 
'The doise mats of small fibres Avhich 
stitute the roots of the buckthorn, 
moA’ed from the soil Avitli A'cr^- q 
and contribute to success.— ^ A,,. ' 
_ _ {Julti vator. 
Na’i^r.vlists tells T . 
AA’hich instinct h?” US of one a \an ’ o 
the construct;^ - over genius, evinced m 
rs the first .on of a bird’s nest, inasmuch 
was a - nest builtby a bird of any species, 
.0 perfect its those now constructed. 
