MOOEE’S EUEAL NEW-YOEKEE: AN AGEICULTUEAL AND FAMILY JOLTINAL. 
THE TUSCARORA rNDIAHS—EDUCATION. 
Mr. Moore : —The first number of the 
Rural NEw-YoRKERis received, Avith which 
I am much pleased—although I did not 
read it^ as did “Uncle Benjamin Oldfield,” 
before it was printed. 
Your correspondent, H. C. White, in his 
“ Sketches of a tour in Orleans and Niagara,” 
in speaking of the Tnscarora Indians, has 
made some statements Avhicli are not quite 
correct Ha\dng lived among them the past 
tAvelve years, I can say that they do not “ ex¬ 
ist only in the most degrading condition.” 
This is true of some of them, and alas, of 
too many of them. But many are quite 
comfortable in their circumstances, and 
“copy,” to some extent, the “good qualities 
of their more fortunate neighbors.” There 
are a feAv beggars among them, but it is not 
true of the great mass, that their “ scanty 
supply is made up mostly by the charity of 
the surrounding country.” Travelers are 
apt to judge of the whole, by a few miser¬ 
able specimens, Avhom they may chance to 
see in their hurried transit through the res¬ 
ervation, or at the neighbormg depots. Or 
it may be they gain their infoi-mation from 
those who either do not know their condi¬ 
tion, or those Avho do not regard the truth. 
As a matter of fact, many of them are in¬ 
dustrious, thrifty farmers. Some raise from 
one to tAvo thousand bushels of grain yearly; 
many raise from one to five hun^-ed bushels, 
each. With a fcAv exceptions, all gain a live¬ 
lihood by their oAvn labor. It is true, there 
are not many rich, neither are there many 
Avretchedly poor. The majority get a com¬ 
fortable hving. Intemperance prevails to 
some extent, and Avill, so long as the Avhite 
man furnishes them Avith intoxicating chinks. 
One or tAVO schools have been sustained 
among them for many years, but Avith little 
beneficial results—owing mainly to the fact, 
that the children do not understand the Eno-- 
O 
lish language. An effort is noAv making to 
establish boarding schools amo)ig‘ them.— 
Should Ave succeed in this, Ave look for great 
results. A petition, (a copy of Avhich I send 
you,) has been got up soliciting aid from the 
State. Will you not allow this petition a 
place in your “educational department?” 
And are there not many friends to the im¬ 
provement and Avell being of the Indians 
among your subscribers, who will take a 
copy of it and circulate it for signatures in 
their respective toAvns, A'illages, and districts, 
and then forivard them at an early day to 
their representatives in the Assembly.— 
Friends to the^red man, lend a helping hand. 
Yom-s truly, Gilbert Rockavood. 
Tuscarora Missio7i, 7iear Peki/i, ) 
Niagara, Co., N, Y., Jan. 10, 1850. \ 
The petition above referfbd to is on our 
table for signatures ; and Ave solicit our 
readers Avho are disposed to extend the 
benefits of the “largest liberty” in education, 
to lend the influence of their names.— Ed. 
MUCK. 
Although there has been much written 
on the application of muck as a manure, I 
tliink the subject has not been exhausted, 
nor Avill it be, I apprehend, until every far¬ 
mer who has a muck SAvamp upon his prem¬ 
ises, or can obtain access to one in his vicinity, 
is led duly to appreciate its value. I knoAv 
of no grain or root crop upon any dry soil, 
that may not be benefited by its judicious ap¬ 
plication, and that too to such an extend as 
to prove a source of great profit to the far¬ 
mer. Muck, Avhen first dug from the 
SAvamp, is not in fit condition to be applied 
as a renovater to the soil; it is composed of 
particles of vegetable matter that have been 
acciunulating for centuries, and kept by their 
compactness and immersion in Avater, from 
the influence of the atmosphere; mid it has 
to be throAvn up into heaps, and accorduigly 
“ over haided,” to bring it to the action of 
the air, in order to render it fit for use; or if 
Avanted soon for use, unslalced lime placed 
in the heap Avill facilitate the process of fer¬ 
mentation. If placed in the barn-yard in 
the fall, and the cattle be yarded upon it 
through the Avinter, it is quite equal to sto- 
ble manure for the next fall’s application, if 
properly attended to through the summer, 
that it may become rotten. Ei'ery farmer’s 
hog pen shoidd have a ym-d attached, and 
be kept Avell supplied Avith muck through 
the summer, and autumn. Mr. Editor, I 
am aAvare that Avhat I have Aviitten is not 
new to some of your readers, but if thes (3 
feAV hasty lines shall be the means of aAvak- 
ening an interest in the minds of a fcAv upon 
the subject, and call forth the pens of abler 
advocates, my object Avill have been accom¬ 
plished. —Boston Ctdtivator. 
Neav Earthen Ware. —It is a good plan 
to put neAv earthern Avare into cold Avater, 
and tlien let it heat gradually until it boils, 
—then cool. BroAvn earthen Avare in par- 
tietdar may be treated in tliis Avay. 
THE USE AND VALUE OF NIGHT SOIL. 
That man gets his bones from the rocks 
and his nmscies from the atmosphere, is be¬ 
yond all dcubt The iron in his blood and 
the hiiie in liis teeth, Avere originally in the 
soil. But these could not be in his body 
unless they had previously formed part of 
his food. And yet Ave can neither live on 
air not on stones. We cannot giwv fat up¬ 
on lime, and iron is positively indigestible in 
our stomachs. It is by means of the vege¬ 
table creation alone that we are enabled to 
convert the mineral into flesh and blood.— 
The only apparent use of herbs and plants 
is to change the inorganic earth, air, and 
water into organic substances fitted for the 
nutrition of animals. The httle hchen, Avhich 
by means of the oxahe acid that it secretes, 
decomposes the rocks to Avhich it clings, and 
fits their lime for “assimilation” Avith higher 
organisms, i.s, as it were, but the primitive 
bone-maker of the AAmrld. By Avhat subtle 
transmutation inorganic nature is changed 
into organic, and dead inert matter quicken¬ 
ed Avith life, is far beyond us even to conjec¬ 
ture. . Suflice it that an expresss apparatus 
is required for the process — a special me¬ 
chanism to convert the “ crust of the eai-th,” 
as it is called, into food for man and beast. 
Nov/, in natm-e eveiy thing moves in a 
circle—pei-petually clianging and yet ever 
returning to the point Avhence it started.— 
Our bodies are continually decomposing and 
recomposing—indeed, the very process of 
breathing is but one of decomposition. As 
animals live on vegetables, even so is the re¬ 
fuse of the animal the vegetable’s food.— 
The carbonic acid Avliich eomes from om- 
lungs, and Avhich is poison for us to inhale, 
is not only the vital air of plants, but posi¬ 
tively their nutriment. With the same Avon- 
drous economy that marks all Creation, it 
has been ordained that what is imfitted for 
the support of the superior organism is of 
all substances the best adapted to give 
strength .md vigor to the inferior. That 
Avhich Ave excrete as pullution to our sys¬ 
tem, they secrete as nourishment to theirs. 
Plants are not only Natme’s scavengers, but 
nature’s purifiers. They remove the filth 
from the earth, as Avell as disinfect the at¬ 
mosphere, and fit it to be breathed by a 
higher order of beings. Without the veg¬ 
etable creation the animal could neither 
liave been nor be. Plants not only fitted 
the earth originally for the residence of man 
and the brute, but to this day they contin¬ 
ue to render it habitable to Us. For this 
end their nature has been made the very 
antithesis of ours. The process by Avhich 
I Ave live is the process by Avhich they lu-e 
destroyed. That Avhich supports respira¬ 
tion in tis produces putrefaction in them 
What our lungs throAv off, their lungs 
absorb —rAA’hat oiu* bodies reject, their roots 
imbibe. 
Hence, in order that the balance of Avaste 
and supply should be maintained—that the 
principle of universal compensation should 
be kept up, and that Avhat is rejected by us 
should go to the sustenance of plants—na¬ 
ture luis given us several instinctive motives 
to remove our refuse from us. She has not 
only constituted that Avhich Ave egest the 
most loathsome of all things to our senses 
and imagination, but she has rendered its ef¬ 
fluvium highly pernicious to our health — 
sulphuretted hydrogen, being at once the 
most deleterious and the most offensive of 
all gases. Consequently, as in other cases 
Avhere the great laAv of self-preservation 
needs to be enforced by special sanctions, 
nature has made it not only advantageous 
to us to remove our night-soil 4o the fields, 
but positively detrimental to our health, and 
disgusting to pur senses, to keep it in the 
neighborhood of our houses.— Eng. paper. 
ROCKS, STONES, CLAY, &c. 
The use of stone and rock upon sandy 
land is not sufficiently appreciated by far¬ 
mers. Stones in dry weather protect land 
from drougth, by condensmg the atmosphere 
upon their surtace, in consequence of being 
of a loAver temperature. Rocky, mountain¬ 
ous lands never suffer from (frougth, and 
stony lands suffer less from drougth than 
lands free from stone; the difference Avill 
plainly be seen in the increase. Clay is 
very useful on sandy land; it retains the 
moisture,—and simd on clayey land adds to 
its Avarmth and fertihty. Farmers Avould be 
great gainers in the increase of the products 
of their lands, by carting clay upon sandy 
land and ploAAung it in, and vice versa. Salt, 
mixed Avith clay, and tlirOAvn upon dry soil, 
attracts moisture, and Avill be found to a cer¬ 
tain extent very usefid. In many sections 
of the United States dry lands are found 
AA'ith SAvamps and bog meadoAvs interspers¬ 
ed; tliese SAvamps and meadoAvs haA'-e been 
accumidating the Avash of these lands for 
ages, retaining it in a cold Avet state. If this 
is taken out, dried, and mixed Avith clay, stilt 
and lime, in suitable proportions, and throAvn 
upon the surrounding dry land, it Avill be 
found a most useful and valuable manure. 
Pulse oe various Animals.— The pulse 
of several of our domestic animals, as given 
by Vatel in his “Veternity Pathology,” is 
nearly as folloAvs: “Horse, from 32 to 38 pul¬ 
sations per minute; ox or coaa', 35 to 42; 
ass, 48 to 54; sheep, lO to 79; dog, 90 to 
100; cat 110 to 120; rabbit 120; duck. 
130; hen, 140.” 
BDrticnltnral 
HORTICULTURE. 
BY MRS. LYDIA H. SIGOURNEY. 
If the admiration of the beautiful things 
of nature has a tendency to soften and re¬ 
fine the character, the culture of them has 
a still more poAverful and abiding influence. 
It takes the form of an affection. The seed 
Avhich Ave have nursed, the free of our plant¬ 
ing, under whose shade Ave sit Avith delight, 
are to us as liAang, loA'ing friends. In pro¬ 
portion to the care Ave liave bestoAved on 
them is the Avai-mth of our regard. They 
are also gentle and persuasive teachers of 
His goodness avIio causeth the sun to shine 
and the deiv to distil; Avho forgets not the 
tender buried vine amid the snoAvs and ice 
of Avinter, but bringeth forth the root, long 
hidden from the sight of man, into the splen¬ 
dor of autumnal fruitage. 
The lessons learned among the Avorks of 
nature are of peculiar value in the present 
age. The restlessness and din of the rail¬ 
road principles, Avhich pervade its opera¬ 
tions, and the spirit of accumulation Avhich 
threatens to corrode every generous sensi¬ 
bility, are modified by the sweet friendship 
of the quiet plants. The toil, the hurry, the 
speculation, the sudden reverse which mark 
our own time.s, beyond any that have prece¬ 
ded them, render it particularly salutary 
for us to heed the admonition of our Sa¬ 
vior, and take insti'uction from the lilies of 
the field, those peaceful denizens of the 
bounty of Heaven. 
Horticulture has been pronounced, by 
medical men, as salutary to health, and to 
cheerfulness of .spirits; and it Avould seem 
that this theoiy might be su.stained, by the 
placid and happy countenances of those 
Avho use it as a relaxation from the excite¬ 
ment of business, or the exhaustion of study. 
And if he Avho deAmtes liis leisure to the 
culture of Avorks of nature benefits himself, 
he Avho beautifies a garden for the eye of 
the community is surely a public benefac¬ 
tor. He instils into the bosom of the man 
of the Avorld, panting Avith the gold fever, 
gentle thoughts, Avhich do good like a med¬ 
icine. He cheers the desponding invalid, 
and makes the eye of the child brighten 
Avith a more intense happiness.. He fur¬ 
nishes pure aliment for that taste Avhich re¬ 
fines character and multiplies simple meas¬ 
ures. To those who can earn their substance 
by laboring on his grounds, he stands in the 
light of a benefactor. The kind of indus¬ 
try wliich he promotes is favorable to sim¬ 
plicity and AGrtue. With one of the SAveet- 
est poets of our mother land, Ave may say,— 
“ Praise to the sturdy spade, 
And patient plow, and shepherd’s simple crook; 
And let the light mechanic’s tool be hailed, 
With honor, which, encasing, by the power 
Of long companionship", the laborers hand. 
Cut off that hand, with all iUs world of Jnerves, 
From a too busy commerce with the honrt.” 
A correspondent of the “ Journal of 
Commerce,” writing from San Francisco un¬ 
der date of 11th Nov., 1849, says; 
“ About three Aveeks since, Ave had a feAv 
severe shoAvers, the first since April. With¬ 
in the last fortnight, we have had many 
very rainy days. Generally it rains for 24 
or 36 hours, then cleai-s off, and tAvo or three 
most chaiming days folloAV. The earth hav¬ 
ing been so long parched, and Avithout shoAv- 
ers, vegetation had ceased, and the hills 
everyAvhere presented a naked and arid ap¬ 
pearance. NOAv nature begins to smile, grass 
is springing up, and already the range of 
loAv mountains that stretches along the op¬ 
posite side of the Bay, has assumed a new 
and beautiful aspect. The tender herbage 
has given the Avhole a delicate and verdant 
coloring, and although we are in the middle 
of the last autumn^ month, nature wears 
the appearanc of Spring. 
I saAv, a feAv days since, a long branch of 
a tree covered with beautifiU pink blossoms, 
and the young, bright ^reen berries just un¬ 
folding. It Avas a variety of Avild cuiTant. 
I have a specimen of a veiy cuitous moss 
or hchen brought from the high rocks about 
Acapido. It is contracted to the size of a 
hen’s egg, and would not, from its appear¬ 
ance, attract notice; but throAv it upon Ava¬ 
ter, and soon it begins to unfold, and the dark, 
dry, broAvn ball becomes a broad, flat, living 
mass, its horns resembling those of the fern, 
and of intensely green color. Tak^it from 
the Avater and it soon begins to contract clo¬ 
sing as before, and retaining its vitahty for 
a long time. It Avas given to me by Mrs. 
De W., and I shall send it home by the 
first opportunity.” 
Grape Vines.— We have an arbor about 
fifty feet long, on Avhich is trained tAvelve 
Isabella grape vines. In the fall of 1848, 
Ave dug a trench on the inside of the arbor, 
the vines having originally been planted on 
the outside, and in this trench, three feet be- 
loAV the surface, placed cattle feet procured 
from a slaughter house in the neighborhood, 
covered each foot Avith one pint of unleach¬ 
ed Avood ashes, and one quart of charcoal 
dust. Tills sea.son the grapes are more 
plenty than Ave have ever seen them on any 
A'ine, and the flavor is very superior to any 
of the sort Ave have ever seen.— Sel. 
Love labor; if you do not want it for 
food you may. for physic. 
PREMIUMS ON FRUIT. 
We give below a list of premiums aAvai'd- 
ed on Fruits, at the annual meeting of the 
State Agricultural Society: 
Fruits — Ajyples. 
J C Hubbard, Troy, Mich, Trans and Fruit Cult 
L P Grosvenor, Pomfret, Ct Trans and Down’g 
R H Brown, Greece, Monroe Trans. 
J H Watts, Rochester Trans. 
J C Campbell, “ Fruit Culturist. 
E P Prentice, Albany, Downing. 
H A Underhill, Macedon, Trans. 
R J Pardee, Palmyra, Downing. 
“ *• for Grapes, Fruit Culturist. 
Hiram Foster, Apples, •• 
Dr Herman Wendell, Albany, Pears and Ap¬ 
ples, Downing. 
J -W Bailey, Plattsburgh, Apples, Trans. 
S Miller, Rochester, Pears, Fruit Culturist. 
B Hodgf, Buffalo Trans. 
S Morg^an, Albany, Fruit Culturist. 
Chas Ross, Washington co, Trans. 
Elwanger & Barry, Rochester, Trans. 
Win. Rogers, Williamson, Wayne oo. Downing^ 
Dennis Clark, Trans. 
Robert Patterson, Perry, Wyoming co, Fruit 
Culturist. 
J J Viele, Troy, “ 
Joseph Carey, Albany, Grapes, “ 
Resolved, That the thanks of the Society be 
tendered to the contributors to the exhibition of 
fruits. _ _ _ 
CRANBERRIES. 
Mr. Editor;— I promised in your last 
number that I Avould present some facts in 
this month’s publication, in support of the 
assertion that Cranberries can be raised on 
upland soil, but for one or tAvo reasons I 
have concluded not to present the eA’idence 
I have gathered. I fear it is not of a char¬ 
acter to satisfy a practical man. Upon a 
revicAv of this information, which I obtained 
from a review of all the agricultural and 
horticultural journals of this countiy, I find 
that although enough is proved to Avarrant 
a trial of transplanting upon high ground, 
yet so indefinite is the manner in Avhich the 
upland experiment is detailed by the Avri- 
ters of the communications alluded to, that 
one skeptical on the subject Avould not ac¬ 
cept the testimony. This is one reason Avhy 
I hesitate to reproduce it I haA'e, hoAvev- 
er, another and better reason. I shall be 
able, next year, to give the result of my 
own experience, as I have succeeded in ob¬ 
taining plants through the politeness of 
C. C. Bristol, Esq., of this city, (Buffalo,) 
Avho has kindly interested himself in this 
Cranben’y experiment, and Avho obtained a 
barrel of the plants for me from Michigan, 
Avhich airived in good order Avith plenty of 
muck about the roots. I have carefully set 
out about tAvo hundred, enough for a trial, 
and as soon as I have anything to report, I 
Avill place the result before the farmers of 
our country. We all knoAV that there has 
never been a single season since this valu¬ 
able frftit Avas first knoAA’n, Avhen the de¬ 
mand did not far exceed the supply; and 
your readers need not again be told of the 
great profit AA'hich will be siue to reward 
the cultivator. The gentleman, Avhose 
name I have infroduced here, will, if our little 
experiment succeeds, put out several acres 
of this fruit; and I hope the large landhold¬ 
ers ten or twenty miles out of the city, will 
not alloAv us of the city to leave them very 
far behind in the Cranberry speculation. If 
they do not Avake up soon, Ave shall most 
certainly take the wind out of their sails. — 
C. B. T.— Wool Grower. 
Moss UPON -Apple Trees. — We sup¬ 
pose it is a fact that no apple-tree AA’hich is 
covered Avith mosses can be considered a 
healthy tree. It is, hoAvever, a matter of 
doubt Avith us, whether these mosses fasten 
themselves upon the tree Avhile it is vigor¬ 
ous and healthy, and reduce it to a diseased 
state; or Avhether it is necessary that there 
should be some diseased condition of the 
bark, before it will afford suitable ground 
for them to flourish in. These mosses or 
lichens ai-e, to the trees on Avhich they flour¬ 
ish, Avhat lice are to animals. Their effects 
upon the vegetable system are analagous 
to the veimin above named upon the ani¬ 
mal system. It is therefore necessary, in 
order to insure a perfectly healthy circula¬ 
tion to the tree, that they should be removed 
and destroyed. — Selected. 
The Chrysanthemu.m in China.— The 
Chiysimthemum is the Chinese gardener’s 
favorite floAver. There is no other Avith 
AA'hich he takes so much pains, or AA’hich he 
cultiA’ates so Avell. His CameUas, Azaleas, 
and Roses, are Avell groAvn and bloomed, 
but AA’ith all these Ave beat him in England; 
in the cultivation of the Chrj’simthemum, 
hoAvever, he stands um’ivalled. The phmts 
themselves, seem, as it Averc, to meet liim 
half Avay andgroAv just as he pleases; some¬ 
times I met AA’ith them trained in the foi-m 
of animals, such as horses and deer, and at 
other times they Avere made to resemble the 
pagodas, so common in the country. They 
ai-e ahvays in high health, and never fail to 
bloom most profusely in the autumn and 
AA-inter.— Qard. Ckron. 
Diffusion of Seeds.— In boring for wat- 
er, at a spot near Kingston-on-Th?imes, some 
eiU’th Avas brought up from a depth of three 
hundred and sixty feet. Tliis Avas carefully 
covered with a hand-glass, to prevent the 
possibility of any seeds being deposited on 
it; yet, in a short time, plants vegetated 
from it. 
InniMtic dBionomi]. 
DOMESTIC RECIPES. 
To Remove Marks prom a Table.—I f a 
whitish mark is left on a table, by carelessly 
setting on a pitcher of boihng water, or a 
hot dish, pour some lamp oil on the spot, 
and rub it hard Avith a soft cloth. Then 
pour on a httle spirits of Avine or Cologne 
Avater, and rub it dry with another cloth.— 
The Avhite mark will thus disappear, and the 
table Avill look as well as ever. 
Vinegar from Beets.—I t is stated that 
the juice of one bushel of sugar beets will 
make from fiA’e to -six gallons of vinegar, by 
washing, grating, expressing and exposing 
tAvo Aveeks to the air in a barrel, Avith a gauze 
covered bung hole. 
Dried Apples.—S ome varieties being- 
much more tender in their texture than oth¬ 
ers, dissimilar kinds should be kept separate 
to prevent one portion stewing too much, 
while another remains hard. 
To Purify Bees Wax.—P lace the Avax 
in a tin vessel, with small holes pierced in 
its bottom, and place it into an oven of the 
stove, or other oven, over a vessel of water. 
The Avax will melt by the steam, and drop 
down into the water beloAv. ’I’his is also a 
good plan to purify glue. 
Britannia Ware.—B ritannia Avare should 
be fii-st nibbed gently with a Avoolen cloth 
and SAveet oil, then Avashed in warm suds, 
and rubbed in soft leather and whiting.— 
Thus treated it will retain its beauty to the 
last 
Soda Coffee.— The flavor of coffee may 
be veiy much improved by adding forty or 
fifty grains of carbonate of soda to each pound 
of roasted coffee. In addition to improving 
the flavor' it neutralizes the acid contained 
in the infusion. 
Cold Starch for Linen.—T ake a suffi¬ 
ciency of the best raw starch as Avill fill half 
a tumbler of common size, and fill it nearly 
to the brim Avith clear cold Avater. Dissolve 
it thoroughly, stirring it and pressing out all 
the lumps Avith a spoon. To prevent its 
sticking, add one teaspoonful of salt; pour it 
into a broad shallow pan, and dilute gi-adii- 
ally with a pint of clear cold Avater. Again 
stir and mix, but do not boil. 
The linen should be previously well wash¬ 
ed and dried; dip the articles into the starch 
and squeeze out; betAveen each dipping stir 
it up from the bottom; then sprinkle and fold 
or roll up; they will be ready to iron in an 
hour. This is a very econominal way to 
starch the wristbands and collars of fine shirts, 
Avhen they do not require Avashing. 
Peeling and Boiling Potatoes. —The 
loss of the most nutritious portion of the po¬ 
tato is incured by peeling oft’ the rind and 
parts directly imderneath, as in those the 
nitrogenized matter (but no starch) chiefly 
reside, which are dissolved by cold Avater 
and coagulated by Avater Avhile boihng. If 
potatoes, therefore, are throAvn into cold Ava¬ 
ter, and heated, much of their nitrogenized 
principle Avill be extracted before the Avater 
reaches the point of ebulhtion; whereas, if 
it be made to boilbefore they areintr<xiucecl, 
the coagulation Avill cause the matters to be 
retained Avithin the tissue of the vegetables 
lying contiguous to the rind. 
The best way to cook potatoes is to steam 
them; an old iron pot, Avith a close lid and 
a little water, will do the bu.siness. 
Gum Paste.—I t-frequently happens that 
a close, hard, and adhesive paste is wanted 
for attachmg the hps or edges of paper.— 
For this purpose there is something supe¬ 
rior to a solution of gum tragacanth in pure 
j Avater. Vinegar, Avhen the gum is to be 
kept any length of time, may be substituted 
instead of Avater. It acts as a powerful 
cement Avhen it does not come in contact 
Avith Avaier. 
Another.—G um-arabic dissolved in wa¬ 
ter. It remains pure and Avithout any of¬ 
fensive smell, and ansAvers for all ordinary 
uses, being very adhesive, and from its des¬ 
titution of coloring matter, does not soil the 
paper or other articles to which it is applied, 
if properly mixed. 
Radiation of He.a.t.—F or domestic pur¬ 
poses and health, quimiity is preferable to 
intensity of heat. It is preferable to use a 
large stove Avith less fuel, than a smaller one 
Avith more fuel, jis the large one dift’uses the 
heat more generally. Tlie Russians under¬ 
stood tliis as they have immense masses of 
masoniy and bricks, producing a large sur¬ 
face, and they build a fire at night Avhich is 
intended to heat the room the folloAving day. 
An intensely heated stove carbonizes th<; 
fine dust floating in the air, and this is drawn 
into the lungs, producing pulmonary and 
other complaints. Rooms heated by steam, 
hot Avater <fec., are the most pleasant.— Sci¬ 
entific American. 
Chapped Hands.—A fter Avashing, rub 
j the hands Avith a little cream and vinegar. 
The alkaliscent properties of the soap, used 
in Avashing, will thus be neutralized effect¬ 
ually, and thus prevent their chapping.— 
Any other acid, or oleaginous substance, 
will ansAver^ 
